Читать книгу Principles of Plant Genetics and Breeding - George Acquaah - Страница 222

Cleistogamy is the condition in which the flower fails to open. The term is sometimes extended to mean a condition in which the flower opens only after it has been pollinated (as occurs in wheat, barley, and lettuce), a condition called chasmogamy. Some floral structures, such as those found in legumes, favor self‐pollination. Sometimes, the stigma of the flower is closely surrounded by anthers, making it prone to selfing.

Very few species are completely self‐pollinated. The level of self‐pollination is affected by factors including the nature and amount of insect pollination, air current, and temperature. In certain species, pollen may become sterilized when the temperature dips below freezing. Any flower that opens prior to self‐pollination is susceptible to some cross‐pollination. A list of predominantly self‐pollinated species in presented is Table 5.2.

Table 5.2 Examples of predominantly self‐pollinated species.

Common name	Scientific name
Barley	Hordeum vulgare
Chickpea	Cicer arietinum
Clover	Trifolium spp.
Common bean	Phaseolus vulgaris
Cotton	Gossypium spp.
Cowpea	Vigna unguiculata
Eggplant	Solanum melongena
Flax	Linum usitatissimum
Jute	Corchorus espularis
Lettuce	Letuca sativa
Oat	Avena sativa
Pea	Pisum sativum
Peach	Prunus persica
Peanut	Arachis hypogaea
Rice	Oryza sativa
Sorghum	Sorghum bicolor
Soybean	Glycine max
Tobacco	Nicotiana tabacum
Tomato	Solanum lycopersicum
Wheat	Triticum aestivum