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The adequacy and effectiveness of existing control measures greatly affect the level of risk and must be assessed. This assessment of controls should include determining the type of controls for each specific risk, and a judgment of their effectiveness based on the Hierarchy of Controls. For instance, controls such as permanent or fixed guards (engineering controls) are considered more effective than employee training, warnings (administrative controls), or personal protective equipment. The assessment should ensure existing controls are being applied/operated as intended, and that their effectiveness can be demonstrated and verified. The effectiveness for a single control, or combination of related controls, can be expressed in qualitative, semiquantitative, or quantitative terms. The main focus of the control assessment should be on determining whether existing controls are adequate in reducing risk to an acceptable level, or whether improved control measures are needed.