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The term longitudinal refers to orientation parallel to the spine or long axis of the patient’s body (see Figures 4.1, 4.2, 4.3). The term sagittal refers to the longitudinal axis of the respective deeper structure being evaluated. For example, the superficial jugular vein is imaged in longitudinal whereas the more deeply located and oblique right kidney (not parallel to the body’s long axis) is imaged in sagittal planes (parallel to the right kidney’s long axis). The terms are often used interchangeably (or, arguably, misused); however, by appreciating that both terms are in their own right long‐axis views, directional communication between veterinarians seems to be clear by use of either term. Thus in longitudinal planes, the probe marker is directed towards the patient's head to maintain the same orientation as radiography, head to the left and tail to the right of ultrasound (and radiographic) image.