Читать книгу Digital Transformations in the Challenge of Activity and Work - Группа авторов - Страница 14

For several years now, we have been witnessing a major reconfiguration of the conditions in which work is carried out, in their nature (intensification, dematerialization, acceleration), in their modalities (remote working, nomadism, fragmentation, virtual teams) and in their reference points (fragmentation and dispersion of activity, multi-activity), due to the deployment of innovative technical solutions which are multiplying. The impact on the human factor is not neutral. The implementation of these emerging devices can, at best, provoke simple transfers of use and learning; they are iterative or incremental technologies. At worst, they can lead to real disruptions in use; they are then disruptive technologies (Bobillier Chaumon 2017). The latter require a profound rethinking of the user experience, requiring new ways of doing, thinking, organizing and collaborating at work. New organizational and socio-cognitive models are then required to work with these devices (de Terssac and Bazet 2007; Ajzen et al. 2015), with strong implications for the health and well-being of employees (Bobillier et al. 2015). Anastassova (2006) and Loup-Escande and Burkhardt (2019) identify four specific characteristics of emerging technologies: (1) an innovative character, an important technological advance, partially achieved or in the making; (2) unclear and undifferentiated uses; (3) several limitations that slow down its massive application; and (4) a promise of transformation of the economic and social context in which it will be introduced.

The goal of this chapter is to question the place and impact that these emerging technologies can have in the often paradoxical transformations and development of activity. The first step will be to identify and characterize the emerging technologies that are being deployed in companies. Then, we will discuss the impact they may have on professionals and their activity.