Читать книгу The SAGE Encyclopedia of Stem Cell Research - Группа авторов - Страница 230

Breast cancer is a type of cancer originating from breast tissue, most commonly from the inner lining of milk ducts or the lobules that supply the ducts with milk. Cancers originating from ducts are known as ductal carcinomas, while those originating from lobules are known as lobular carcinomas. Breast cancer can occur in both men and women, but most of them occur in women. Breast cancer screening harms and benefits are controversial, but it is generally started at the age of 50 years in all women. Surgery is the most effective treatment for breast cancer. Chemotherapy and hormonal therapy also play a role in treatment. Radiation is used after breast-conserving surgery to prevent relapses. Hormonal receptors play an important role in pathogenesis and the treatment of breast cancer. Estrogen receptors, progesterone receptors, and HER2/neu receptors all are known to be expressed by most types of breast cancers, and the breast cancers that do not express these receptors are called triple negative breast cancers and they show resilience to all sorts of treatments.