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If the flow of aqueous is impeded, the resulting glaucoma is said to be ‘closed angle’ as the trabecular meshwork is obstructed (Fig. 2.2). This is the underlying pathological mechanism in primary angle closure, phacomorphic glaucoma and inflammatory processes which result in 360° posterior synechiae (adhesions of the iris at the pupillary margin and the anterior lens).

Fig. 2.2. Restriction of aqueous flow.