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1.4.1 Green Biomass‐based Composites

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An increasing environmental awareness for the people helped in adopting a public trend toward replacing the petro‐based composites with sustainable biobased ones. In general, biobased composites are a combination of fibers and polymer material (matrix), with at least one of them from a natural resource [47–49]. Hence, the combinations of natural fibers and petro‐based polymers, synthetic fibers and biobased polymers, and natural fibers and biobased polymers are all called conventional biocomposites. Here, the first and second combinations are not fully ecofriendly, whereas the third combination, that is the combination of natural fibers and biobased polymers (commonly known as a green biocomposite), is more ecofriendly [6, 50–52]. A biocomposite is called biodegradable when the matrix material is biodegradable. This can be for both biobased and petro‐based composites provided that they are degradable. Biopolymers are different from biodegradable polymers in their raw material. The latter can be formed from either biobased or petroleum‐based composites and can be categorized as green polymeric matrices. When both the fiber and matrix are from renewable resources, they are referred to as biobased composites or biocomposites (fully biodegradable green composite). These biocomposites have less environmental impact.

Biobased Composites

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