Читать книгу The Handbook of Peer Production - Группа авторов - Страница 33

Stefania Milan

Over the last three decades, social movements around the world have embraced peer‐production principles such as collaboration, co‐production, and self‐organization. From Anonymous to the Spanish 15M movement, from the global #Occupy mobilization to the ultra‐conservative Alt‐Right, peer‐production mechanisms have empowered movements to generate models of organizing for ensuing protests to appropriate. They have been used to create shared normative references and collective action frames, outreach to novel audiences, and mobilize other like‐minded individuals. This chapter investigates the consequences of peer production for social protest, looking at how peer‐production reshuffles social change activism today and exploring the convergences and tensions between peer networks and social movements. First, the chapter traces the historical trajectory of peer production, linking distinct approaches to organizing to technological innovation. Second, it reflects on the social affordances of digital infrastructure and their role in fostering specific modes of creativity. Third, it explores three consequences of peer production for social movements: cultural production and norm change, collective identity, and the commons. It finally examines three tensions that might emerge while embedding peer‐production mechanisms and values in collective action: individual vs. collective engagements, peer networks vs. social movement organizations, and self‐organized vs. commercial infrastructure.