Читать книгу Patty's Industrial Hygiene, Physical and Biological Agents - Группа авторов - Страница 42

External radiation originates in machines designed to produce radiation, such as X‐ray machines and accelerators; sealed sources such as those used as gauges; in industrial radiography; in medical radiotherapy, and in other devices specifically designed to produce radiation; and unsealed radionuclides, such as those used in research laboratories and in medicine. Of special importance to the industrial hygienist are those devices in which X‐ray production (bremsstrahlung) is a side effect in an instrument or device in which electrons are accelerated across a high voltage. If it is not feasible to eliminate the radiation source, then exposure must be controlled by application of one or more of the following three techniques:

 Minimizing exposure time

 Maximizing distance from the source

 Shielding the radiation source