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Classical, Quantum and Biological Randomness as Relative Unpredictability

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We propose the thesis that randomness is unpredictability with respect to an intended theory and measurement. From this point of view, we briefly discuss various forms of randomness that physics, mathematics and computer science have proposed. Computer science allows us to discuss unpredictability in an abstract, yet very expressive way, which yields useful hierarchies of randomness and may help to relate its various forms in natural sciences. Finally, we discuss biological randomness – its peculiar nature and role in ontogenesis and in evolutionary dynamics (phylogenesis). Randomness in biology is positive as it contributes to organisms’ and populations’ structural stability by adaptation and diversity.

Chance, Calculation and Life

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