Читать книгу Tuberculosis and War - Группа авторов - Страница 27

Virtually all of this book addresses the specific wartime partnerships – country by country – between TB and WWII and, thus, will be discussed only briefly in this first chapter. The deleterious influences of TB during wartime are typically exacerbated by the coexistence of several acute infectious diseases, including enteric fevers, smallpox, yellow fever, typhus, and measles, all of which served as preludes to and accompaniments of WWI and WWII [81]. In addition, as discussed later, during the majority of 19th century and later wars, there were more civilian than military casualties, an observation that is being repeated today in Syria. An introduction of what readers will find in chapters 5–19 of the book classifies countries according to one of 3 distinct patterns of TB mortality during the war years, 1939–1945: (1) countries in which there was little or no wartime rise; (2) countries in which the mortality rate rose in the first years and fell in the later years of the war; and (3) countries in which death rates rose throughout the war years to a peak after the end of the war [82, 83]. These fundamental differences explain why some wartime and post-war countries fared so much better (or worse) than others.