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Stance and Gait

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Patients with an acute unilateral vestibulopathy typically veer toward the side of the lesion [16]. In the acute vestibular syndrome, inability to maintain upright stance with the eyes open should raise concerns about a cerebellar infarct. Examine the patient’s normal gait, then the tandem gait forward and backward. Look for a wide-based gait, which can be observed in a cerebellar disorder but is not specific to it. Perform the Romberg test, where the patient stands on a flat ground with a normal stance width, with eyes shut; vestibular impairment does not cause a positive Romberg test when proprioception is intact. Ask the patient to stand on a 20-cm thick foam cushion, which interrupts proprioceptive information and causes inability to maintain upright stance in subjects with bilateral vestibular loss. The Unterberger test is performed by asking the patient to march in place with eyes closed for 30 s and noting any excessive turning toward the side of vestibular impairment.

Vestibular Disorders

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