Читать книгу Oral Biofilms - Группа авторов - Страница 19

As mentioned above, Costerton [1] was the first who defined the term “biofilm.” Among others, he described the formation of a glycocalyx by Streptococcus mutans and he published a graph of several oral bacteria in dental plaque [1], establishing that dental plaque is a biofilm. In PubMed, the term “dental plaque” gives the earliest articles dating from 1946. Interestingly, the very first one showed an association of dental plaque with both periodontal disease and caries in an animal model [25]. In the years thereafter the major focus was the association of dental plaque with caries. In 1965, Löe et al. [26] demonstrated that plaque formation induces gingivitis in man. Nowadays, it is well known that oral biofilms are formed not only on natural teeth but also on restorative materials, fixed and removable prosthetic constructions, dental implants, as well as to a certain extent on epithelium.