Читать книгу Pollutants and Water Management - Группа авторов - Страница 75

With heavy industrialization and globalization, an awful impact on the environment arises. It is an unpleasant reality that even though industrialization increases employment opportunities, they also degrade the quality of the environment. Because of this increasing pollution, the entire spectrum of the environment including air, water, and the land is damaged, and it also has a cascading impact on all biotic and abiotic factors. However, in the process of industrialization, water plays a key role as it is used in almost all types of processes such as manufacturing, storage, energy, etc. Hence, the load on all water resources increases, both on humans and other living creatures. Industrialization also degrades the quality of water by discharging partially treated or untreated wastewater effluent into water bodies. Highly polluting industries like GPIs contribute more to water pollution. As a result of a lack of infrastructure and management, these industries release a lot of untreated wastewater into nearby water bodies where it mixes with harmful pollutants such as heavy metals, organic nonbiodegradable pollutants, inorganic pollutants, and so on. CPCB and state pollution control boards provide certain standards of discharged water that should be followed by all these GPIs, however, most of these industries do not comply with standards and they discharge partially treated polluted wastewater into various water bodies. Today, Ganga, Yamuna, Godavari, and so on, are all major sources where water is turned into wastewater. The government and NGOs undertake various policies and actions to combat this situation and to clean water resources. They apply different treatment processes in these industries such as the ZLD method, ETPs, CETPs, the polluter pays principle, and OCEMS. Henceforth, if the previously mentioned actions are implemented and executed fairly, they may help to improve the environment and water resources. While this may seem like baby steps away from environmental degradation, these actions can help if implemented properly.