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AICs will need veterinary services to treat a wide variety of gastrointestinal problems. Most are simple ruminal tympanies or bloat, followed by non‐specific and transient diarrheas. Most are thought to be due to mistakes in feeding protocols but on occasion may be caused by changes in gastrointestinal motility brought on by a host of other primary problems. These incidents will respond to systemic treatment of laxatives, oral fluids, and analgesics if warranted. More serious gastrointestinal problems encountered include hemorrhagic bowel disease, perforating abomasal ulcers, intestinal intussusception, and intestinal volvulus. Once diagnosed, these are best referred to those most experienced in dealing with such problems as these bulls will need surgery and intensive aftercare.

Occasionally, an acute disease due to a foreign body may occur in a bull at an AIC. Of course, the penetrating foreign body could have been present for years; such subtle problems should not be overlooked when making a differential list. Advising a custom stud owner on per‐os administration of rumen magnets should be considered when creating entry requirements.