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HRHPV positive result with low‐grade dyskaryosis (as in Case History 1) warrants referral to the colposcopy clinic with the aim of the patient being seen within 6 weeks. If the colposcopy is deemed to be low grade changes on colposcopic impression alone, or on biopsy of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN) 1 at most, the patient would be returned to the primary care setting for a cervical screening sample to be repeated in 12 months. If this low‐grade abnormality persists for more than 2 years, then consideration of treatment should be offered.

A low‐grade abnormity alone with reassuring colposcopic features should not delay fertility investigations or treatment, with the proviso that should the patient develop symptoms which raise the suspicion of cervical cancer such as post coital or intermenstrual bleeding, she should be reviewed in an appropriate clinical setting.