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Beryciformes (Soldierfish, Squirrelfish, Pinecone Fish, Flashlight Fish)

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These marine fish often have deep bodies and large eyes. They are prone to ocular disease, specifically gas bubbles. They tend to be nocturnal or cave dwellers. Soldierfish and squirrelfish are often dark red in color. Pinecone (Monocentridae) and flashlight fish (Anomalopidae) have bioluminescent bacteria (Photobacterium fischeri) in pockets of skin or in light organs near the eyes. The bioluminescent bacteria are susceptible to antibacterials. Some species have spinoid scales, where the trailing edges of scales have spines (Hoar et al. 1983; Nelson et al. 2016).

Clinical Guide to Fish Medicine

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