Читать книгу The Ocean Plastics Reduction Guide - Группа авторов - Страница 4
Contents
Оглавление1.1. The oceans
1.3. The need for ocean conservation
2.1. Global plastic production and waste handling
2.2. Sources of plastics discharge into the oceans
2.3. Impact of ocean plastics on marine ecosystems
2.4. Impact of ocean plastics on fisheries and other economic activities
2.5. Impact of ocean plastics on climate
3. The challenges of ocean plastics
3.2. Regulatory and governance challenges
4. Technical solutions to ocean plastic pollution
4.1. Plastic reduction and prevention
4.2. Improved solid waste management
4.3. Improved wastewater and stormwater management
5. Regulatory and institutional solutions to ocean plastic pollution
5.1. Regulatory measures
5.2. Market-based instruments and voluntary agreements
6.1. Approaches to financing ocean plastics reduction
6.2. The Clean Oceans Initiative
6.3. Other sources of clean ocean financing
7. Impact measurement and monitoring
Annex A The ocean regulatory framework
Annex B The Clean Oceans Initiative target sectors
Annex C Clean ocean initiatives
List of Figures
Figure 1: Plastic waste accumulating in pristine waters
Figure 2: Plastics in an open dumpsite in Mukdahan Province, Thailand
Figure 3: Plastics washed ashore on a beach next to the Panama Canal
Figure 4: Waterway filled with plastics in Manila, the Philippines
Figure 5: Small crab entangled in a plastic bag
Figure 6: Ghost fishing in an abandoned fishing net
Figure 7: Plastics accumulating on Kuta Beach, Bali
Figure 8: Lanternfish
Figure 9: Old fishing gear
Figure 10: Fresh milk from farm vending machine at farmers market in Ljubljana, Slovenia
Figure 12: Mangrove forest
Figure 13: Garbage filtering system across a river in Cebu City, the Philippines
List of Tables
Table 1: Top ten global rankings for mismanaged plastic wastes in 2010
Abbreviations
ADB Asian Development Bank
AfDB African Development Bank
ASEAN Association of Southeast Asian Nations
CDP Cassa Depositi e Prestiti
COI Clean Oceans Initiative
EIB European Investment Bank
UNDP United Nations Development Programme
