Читать книгу Environmental and Agricultural Microbiology - Группа авторов - Страница 46

Adyasa Barik1, Debasish Biswal2, A. Arun1 and Vellaisamy Balasubramanian1*

1Department of Microbiology, Alagappa University, Karaikudi, Tamil Nadu, India

2Department of Biotechnology, Ravenshaw University, Cuttack, Odisha, India

Abstract

Heavy metal wastes are produced from various sources including anthropogenic and industrial activities. These metals create severe problem to our environment and cause different diseases in human such as cancer, skin lesions, birth defect, cerebral and bodily retention, disability to gain knowledge, and malfunction of liver and kidney. Therefore, heavy metals detoxification is a big challenge for researchers. Strategies have been employed to exploit the biofilm bacteria for detoxification of heavy metal. The drastic growth of biofilm bacteria occurs in polluted water environment through accumulating heavy metals. It is resistance to heavy metal through extra polymeric substances (EPSs) play a major role in detoxification of heavy metal. Polysaccharides, uronic acid, and sugar have functional group such as carboxylic acid and amino acid groups. These are the chemical composition of EPS. These functional groups could be acidic and retain the ability to bind or detoxify the heavy metal ions. The proteinaceous part of EPS plays an important role in complexation of metal ions. Several studies demonstrated that, the metal resistance genes (MRGs) and antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) co-occur in bacteria isolated from water bodies polluted with heavy metal wastes. These kinds of studies give a little clue about the heavy metal resistance potential of antibiotic resistance strains. The stability and structure of biofilm together with diverse range of arrays will have more number of unexplored metabolic characteristics features of biofilm bacterial community’s toward the biofilm-mediated detoxification of heavy metal.

Keywords: Heavy metals, detoxification, biofilm bacteria, EPS, polysaccharides, functional groups, acidic, metal ions, MRGs, ARGs