Читать книгу Environmental and Agricultural Microbiology - Группа авторов - Страница 72

Nondegradable polymers are one of the big issues and create lots of stress over the environment because of PA dumping. A sustainable polymer helps in reducing this stress over the environment. Variety of bio-PAs are derived from renewable raw materials such as PA 4,6; PA 4,4; PA 4,10; PA 4; PA 6,10; PA, 10,10; PA 10,12; and PA 11 [6, 9]. Five decades back, European company Arkema first developed Rilsan, which is 100% castor oil-based PA (PA-11) [6]. Many bio-based polymers were synthesized from castor oil-based with 60% sebacic acid, which exhibits superior performances than petroleum-derived PA 6 and PA 6,6. Nylon 4 is synthesized after ring-opening polymerization of 2-pyrrolidone [2, 5a, 7]. Recently, itaconic acid-based heterocyclic PA has been introduced environmentally degradable, which can reduce the burden of polymer waste [8].