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In parabolic trough systems, solar radiation is focused to a receiver tube located at the focal point using mirrored parabolic troughs to focus. The receiver tube carries the HTF which can be heated up to a temperature of 390ºC. The HTF is then pumped through a heat exchanger where superheated steam at high pressure is produced. Further, the steam is fed into a steam turbine connected to a generator to produce electricity. Synthetic oil, direct steam and molten salt are a few examples of HTF used in parabolic trough systems. The parabolic shaped reflectors implement a line-focusing system.

Figure 1.3 CSP receiver concepts.

Parabolic trough systems are one of the promising technologies and most preferred configurations of CSP in the solar energy market. Most of today’s commercial CSP plants are based on this concept, making up 65% (101 out of 188) of total CSP plants [Figure 1.4]. There are a good number of research works found in the literature on the parabolic trough system (Herrmann and Kearney, 2002; Herrmann et al., 2004; Tamme et al., 2004; Llorente et al., 2011; Kolb, 2011).