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2.3.2.2.1 Future‐Generation Turbines Technology

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It is one of the most relevant technologies in the offshore wind energy sector based on the development of turbines. With the important developments in size of blade, drivetrain and control technologies, wind turbines are becoming more reliable and larger along with the increase in capacity ratings. Rotor diameters of offshore wind turbines have increased to 148 m with an average rated capacity of 5.5 MW (in 2018) from 43.73 m with an average rated capacity of 1.6 MW (in 2000) (IRENA 2019a). Thus, in the last two decades, the average size of offshore wind turbines has grown by a factor of 3.4. Size of turbines is expected to grow (rotor diameters >230 m) with turbine ratings between 15 and 20 MW by 2030. Due to the increased size of turbines, there will be a smaller number of turbines in a wind farm for a particular rated capacity so it will reduce the cost, and impact on the environment will also be less along with some other advantages.

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