Читать книгу Enabling Healthcare 4.0 for Pandemics - Группа авторов - Страница 24

COVID-19 pandemic impacted a lot on the manufacturing market because of lockdown on the whole country. A report stated that around seventy five percent of the business got declined in the manufacturing industry in the month of March. So in general it can be said that COVID-19 affected overall manufacturing process ranging from purchasing, repository, shipping, handling, dispatching, distribution and customer market [21]. However, Artificial Intelligence can somehow control the negative impacts of pandemic on manufacturing industry. The key areas where the machine learning and artificial intelligence approach can be used in manufacturing industry are as:

1 Pre-prediction of the upcoming demand of the product for the management and planning of stock manufacturing and distribution: Stock pre planning is an important task needed to be done before the start of manufacturing because the demand of customer is varying in the market due to lockdown. The situation even gets worse because in order to plan, there is no previous data available of any pandemic. Thus there may be the possibility that due to this variation in the demand, there will be overbuying or under buying of the product [22]. With the help of pre prediction of product demand, the stock manufacturing and distribution can be managed in a better way, leading to the increasing profit and more customer satisfaction. The available prediction approaches are capable of predicting market needs only on the basis of previously available data. As there is no previous data available of inventory in pandemic, Artificial Intelligence can easily plan the upcoming demand of the product even in the tough circumstances like COVID-19. Usage of social media content, analytical data of market demographics including stocks and earnings to the predictive model, complementing the previous traces of inventory inputs is one of the best indicators of demand pattern of the product. Through this arrangement, it is feasible to have a customer centric manufacturing mechanism exhibiting better efficiency for inventory control in order to maintain optimum inventory costs [23].

2 Remote maintenance of the products: At the time of this pandemic, producers want to control their instruments and manage their employees from home or any other remote location, as a fault in the any of the component or unit can lead to the failure of the entire production system. This can lead to the non availability of the product in the market and thus cause loss in the business. Machine Learning based prognostic maintenance approach can be used in such an area for the purpose of monitoring the data, observing the records of staff, accounts, finances, expenditure, revenue etc. using real time data. Machine learning methodology has the ability to uncover even the slight patterns in the records or any document. It can also reveal that which areas are needed to be focused as they are at high risk. It actively diverts the supplies, material and staff towards that area before a threat matures into a real time disaster. This results into the cost cutting, optimal use of manpower, improvisation of management process and above all contentment of the client thus upgrading the overall manufacturing process [18].

3 Social Distance Monitoring in the repositories: The best possible solution to deal with this pandemic is to main social distancing so Artificial Intelligence based tool to manage and monitor the social distancing between the employees can be used. Such tools work by first monitoring the location of the employee and then apply some AI-based protocol to keep them away if they are in contact with each other either by sending signal or the message to the employee [24].

4 Automatic Checking/Evaluation for maintaining the quality of the product in the organization: Automatic checking for maintaining the product’s quality can be done in the industries visually using Artificial Intelligence based approach. Various processes can be evaluated ranging from packing, transportation etc. in the stockroom. It has been discovered that evaluation that can be done visually, can find out more faults in manufacturing and packaging [25]. Automatic evaluation is fruitful in areas such as:a) Finding of any fault in the auto industry.b) Finding of fault in very large scale integration IC foundryc) Finding of any leaking in the packagingd) Finding of any incorrect point during the manufacturing of drugs.

5 Increased Use of Robots for manufacturing using AI: Organizations must try to implement a robotic environment for manufacturing as well management. Due to this pandemic, isolation is much needed and if any employee get sick, all other employees will also go to self quarantine and hence the total manufacturing process of the organization will get shut down. AI enabled robots can continue the pending operations in such a case and help out the organization to continue its manufacturing. These robots can even work out by following complete guidelines about the budget, time limit and functionality. These robots can also be used to sanitize the organizational area [26].