Читать книгу Urban Remote Sensing - Группа авторов - Страница 45

Unmanned aircraft systems (UAS) are an emerging technology with extensive applications in various domains and industries. This technology lends itself greatly to the need in generating high‐quality geospatial data with a high temporal resolution, while also maintaining a high degree of safety. With flexible operations, low implementation costs, and high‐quality data outputs, UAS are ideal tools for urban applications that require rapid mapping, assessment, or management. However, increasingly these applications are facing regulatory challenges from local, state, and national governing bodies. This chapter discusses the opportunities and challenges of UAS for urban remote sensing research. It begins with an introduction to the concept of UAS and some common types of UAS models and cameras onboard, followed by a discussion of a typical UAS data collection procedure including mission planning, flight operations, and data processing. Several urban applications using UAS are discussed, including disaster relief efforts, building inspection, disorder detection, and smart cities construction, along with a case study to demonstrate how UAS can be used for 3D mapping of urban structures. Finally, the major challenges of using UAS for urban studies are discussed, which are related to regulations, operations, and data processing. Recognizing a new frontier of remote sensing applications emerging with UAS platforms, this chapter helps better understand the potential of UAS in urban applications and points out potential future research directions.