Читать книгу Industry 4.1 - Группа авторов - Страница 18

While the first industrial revolution (Industry 1.0) introducing the steam engine, the second (Industry 2.0) carrying out the assembly line mass‐production, and the third (Industry 3.0) framing the automated manufacturing with electronic controllers, industrial production requirements need further changes nowadays. There is an increasing demand for manufacturing to satisfy customer expectations precisely; at the same time, companies face growing pressure to manufacture at more competitive prices. To adapt to this evolution, the tools of systems engineering, information and communication technology (ICT), artificial intelligence, and business strategies will be applied to achieve a higher level than before for developing new scenarios of the automated production. Thus, the so‐called Industry 4.0, which aims to increase productivity of the traditional manufacturing scenario, was proposed. In fact, e‐Manufacturing presented by the semiconductor industry is the predecessor of Industry 4.0. Therefore, prior to introducing Industry 4.0, the concept and key components of e‐Manufacturing are described as follows.