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Scholarly Trends in Fake News Literature
ОглавлениеThe growing academic research on fake news has been split between two main branches (Table 2.1). On the one hand, scholars acknowledge the relevance of fake news in discussing the challenges to Western democracy, improving empirical research on the issue (especially in the digital environment). On the other hand, some social epistemologists claimed the term’s abandonment, arguing that it has been adopted as a discursive weapon by authoritarian governments to thwart freedom of expression, to cover up “bad ideology.”
Table 2.1 Scholarly literature on fake news
| Descriptive approach | Characterization | Dentith (2017); Gelfert (2018); Jaster and Lanius (2018); Mukerji (2018); Tandoc Jr et al. (2018); Egelhofer and Lecheler (2019); Pepp et al. (2019) | Often linked to historical changes in media and journalism. | Historical genealogy |
| Infrastructure | Bakir and McStay (2017); Graham (2017); Kshetri and Voas (2017); Humprecht (2018); Braun and Eklund (2019) | Platform infrastructure and socio-political context. | ||
| Effects | EstimatedLevy (2017); Rini (2017); Faulkner (2018); Fallis and Mathiesen (2019) | It began with the rise of platforms and the propagandistic use of social media by political elites and their partisans. | ||
| Experimental researchAllcott and Gentzkow (2017); Jang and Kim (2018); Nelson and Taneja (2018); Vargo et al. (2018); Van Duyn and Collier (2018); Barrera et al. (2020). | ||||
| Critical approach | Farkas and Schou (2018); Habgood-Coote (2018); Coady (2019). | Fake news is a “bad ideology” that corresponds to neither a real current phenomenon nor past times. |
