Читать книгу Clinical Dilemmas in Diabetes - Группа авторов - Страница 18

The 2020 ADA Guidelines recommend screening asymptomatic overweight or obese adults for DM or prediabetes if at least one of the following risk factors is present: first‐degree relative with DM; high‐risk race/ethnicity (e.g. African American, Latino, Native American, Asian American, Pacific Islander); history of cardiovascular disease; hypertension; high‐density lipoprotein cholesterol < 35 mg/dL; triglyceride level > 250 mg/dL; presence of polycystic ovary syndrome; physical inactivity; or other clinical considerations associated with reduced insulin action such as acanthosis nigricans [1]. The 2020 ADA Guidelines further recommend that patients with prediabetes be tested yearly and that women with a history of gestational diabetes be tested lifelong at least every three years. For all other patients, screening should begin at age 45, and if results are normal, should be repeated at least every three years.

FIG 1.2 Postprandial and fasting glucose concentrations are determined by insulin secretion, hepatic insulin extraction, insulin action, glucagon suppression, glucose effectiveness, endogenous glucose production, and the rate of gastric emptying [23–29]. EGP = Endogenous Glucose Production.