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 ADHD can have a serious and long‐lasting impact on a person's life

 By the age of 25, an estimated 15% of people diagnosed with ADHD as children still have a full range of symptoms, and 65% still have some symptoms that affect their daily lives

 When symptoms are effectively managed, the quality of the person's life improves – this in turn leads to increased confidence and motivation to continue a healthy pathway towards a meaningful and fulfilling life

 Untreated ADHD is very disruptive to a person's day‐to‐day functioning and can cause negative consequences at home, work and school

 Adults with untreated ADHD are more likely to develop a substance abuse disorder as they depend on legal and illegal drugs to control their symptomsTable 2.1.2 Medical management of attention deficit and hyperactivity disorder.SymptomMedicationSystemic side‐effectsOral side‐effectsHyperactivity, inattention, impulsivityStimulantsAmphetamineDextroamphetamineMethylphenidateDexmethylphenidateTachycardiaIncrease in blood pressureMotor ticsDyskinesiasErythema multifomeXerostomiaDysgeusiaBruxismNon‐stimulantsAtomoxetineTachycardiaIncrease in blood pressureXerostomiaAntihypertensivesClonidineGuanfacineDrowsinessDizzinessXerostomiaDysgeusiaDysphagiaHyperactivity, inattention and repetitive behavioursAtypical antidepressantsBupropionSuicidal riskAngio‐oedemaXerostomiaDysgeusiaDysphagiaBruxismStomatitisGlossitisTricyclic antidepressants (TCAs)AmitriptylineDesipramineImipramineBlurred visionConstipationWeight gainTachycardiaSuicidal riskXerostomiaDysgeusiaStomatitisSialadentitisAggressive behavioursAntipsychoticsOlanzapineRisperidonePaliperidoneStiffnessRestlessnessWeight gainConstipationXerostomiaSialorrhoeaDysphagiaDysgeusiaStomatitisTongue dyskinesiaAnticonvulsantsCarbamazepineValproateLamotrigineNauseaVomitingDizzinessAngio‐oedemaXerostomiaDysgeusiaStomatitisGlossitis

 Impulsive behaviours cause workplace, financial and legal challenges

 There is a positive association between ADHD and suicidality in both sexes and in all age groups