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The basic concept of Multi-Tenancy is required when many tenants work together with the use of internet and data can be transferred using digital services if the tenants are in different places; the concept is to work from one place to another place. This service totally depends on the needs of the organisation. The requirement of tenants and which type or place the tenant requires is up to the organisation’s needs [4].

Basically, there are two types of tenancy in an SaaS environment: Single and Multi-Tenancy. Figure 2.2 briefly discusses Multi-Tenancy’s use in real time application. In Single Tenancy, a single environment or platform is used, but in Multi-Tenancy, a common platform is used in different places or shares the platform of work and creates a known work place for a single organisation.

Figure 2.2 Types of tenant [4].

A Single Tenant service uses a single system (software) for a single tenant for one service. A single system service provides for a single building, but if its requirement is in a different building, the tenant needs to purchase again for the new building for the same services. In Multi-Tenancy, the client is not required to purchase a single service multiple times, which means single services can be used in different offices of a single organisation.

In a Multi-Tenancy system, it is easy to modify and make changes as required by the tenant. Multi-Tenant systems combine the work place between the client and the tenant, but the concept or logic should be separate to each other. The organisation shares the data and configurations, as well as services of management with the user and tenant [5].

There are basically three major concepts in Multi-Tenancy, as show in the Figure 2.2.

1 1. A shared database which is used to manage the Multi-Tenancy system means this facility helps make data available and manages the cost or storage area flexibility and scalability management. It reduces the complexity of managing the database and makes it easily available to each tenant and workspace.

2 2. One database and many schemas means all tenants use the same database in a different manner. Each tenant uses their requirement of data and every tenant requirement is different as the work is different. According the tenant, the services are provided to the tenant. The complexity and cost will also affect the structure used by the tenant.

3 3. Many databases and schemas means, in this type of model, that tenant data is stored in the database in different locations in a different database or that the tenant can create different databases as they are required. Accordingly, the new database will create a cost and complexity increase [6].