Читать книгу Veterinary Surgical Oncology - Группа авторов - Страница 158

Liposarcomas are uncommon neoplasms of dogs and cats. There is no breed or sex predilection. Liposarcomas are locally invasive and can metastasize. They consist of malignant lipoblasts and mesenchymal tissue. Most liposarcomas are cutaneous, but they can also develop in the abdominal cavity (Alvarez et al. 2017; Baez et al. 2004).

Oil red O histochemistry can be performed to confirm the presence of lipid and the diagnosis of liposarcoma in cases that are not well differentiated. LaDouceur et al. (2017) reported an overlap in the expression of several muscle antigens and UCP1 between liposarcoma, hibernoma (benign soft tissue tumors containing prominent brown adipocytes), and rhabdomyosarcoma.

The presence of a heterogeneous mass on CT, with a multinodular soft tissue component and associated regional lymphadenopathy and mineralization, are features favoring a diagnosis of liposarcoma (Spoldi et al. 2017). All liposarcoma enhance with contrast medium administration, contrary to infiltrative lipomas. Other CT features associated with canine liposarcomas include heterogeneous internal attenuation (81%) and lack of a clearly defined capsule (38%) suggesting infiltration of local structures (Fuerst et al. 2017).

Survival time is strongly correlated to the type of surgery that is performed. Median survival times are reported of 1188, 649, and 183 days for dogs that underwent wide excision, marginal excision, and incisional biopsy, respectively. Apart from wide excision, tumor size, tumor location, and histologic subtype are associated with survival time (Baez et al. 2004).

The effect of chemotherapy and radiation therapy on this tumor type has not been evaluated (Baez et al. 2004).