Читать книгу Veterinary Surgical Oncology - Группа авторов - Страница 160

Cutaneous smooth muscle is present in three separate locations: arrector pili muscles, blood vessel walls, and genital/areolar skin. Benign or malignant smooth muscle neoplasms may arise from each of these locations. In dogs, leiomyomas of arrector pili muscles have been described (Cooper and Valentine 2002; Goldschmidt and Shofer 1998).

Leiomyosarcoma are malignant tumors of smooth muscle cells. They mainly are associated with the digestive tract, but they can occur in any part of the body as firm lobulated masses (Cohen et al. 2003; Kapatkin et al. 1992; Pierini et al. 2017). Leiomyosarcomas of the skin do not tend to metastasize, in contrast to hepatic leiomyosarcomas (100%). The prognosis in dogs with leiomyosarcoma of the spleen, stomach, small intestine, and especially the cecum is good to excellent if surgery is performed. In dogs with leiomyosarcoma of the liver, the prognosis is poor (Kapatkin et al. 1992).

Surgical removal of the lesions is the treatment of choice (Liu and Mikaelian 2003).

Doxorubicin has been used as adjunctive therapy after surgical removal of a primary leiomyosarcoma involving the jugular vein in a dog. The dog received five doses of intravenous doxorubicin, and there was no recurrence of the tumor 30 months post treatment (Pierini et al. 2017).