Читать книгу Fractures in the Horse - Группа авторов - Страница 94

Depending upon time frame and aetiopathogenesis, fractures can produce differing appearances in compacta (cortical and subchondral) and trabecular (spongiosa or cancellous) bone. Radiographic findings are also dependent on the individual bone and location. In acute fractures, the presence of a radiolucent line, cortical discontinuity or altered contour or impacted or displaced bone fragments may be identified. In contrast, in incomplete fractures there may be only a subtle cortical lucency followed by periosteal reaction and endosteal callus formation. Fractures of trabecular bone may exhibit only faint increased radiopacity (sclerosis) due to microcallus formation [17]. A line of sclerosis perpendicular to the trabeculae can also be representative of a fracture [18]. Fractures that occur secondary to progressive bone failure may have evidence of plastic deformation, mild to extensive periosteal and/or capsular new bone formation or subchondral opacification, demineralization or a combination thereof which precede the development of a discrete fracture line.