Читать книгу Clinical Obesity in Adults and Children - Группа авторов - Страница 60

There has been much discussion of potential factors that could mediate the effects of suboptimal early exposures on long‐term risk of obesity. Because central regulation of energy balance plays a critical role in determination of weight regulation, development of neuronal pathways in the hypothalamus within the brain has been an area of interest. Animal studies have identified a number of hormonal and metabolic factors that influence development of hypothalamic circuits, including glucose, leptin, ghrelin, and insulin [113–116]. These factors can all be regulated by diet. Therefore, exposure to inappropriately high or low levels of these factors during critical periods of development could provide mechanisms by which nutrition during critical periods of development could impact on later obesity risk. However, translating such findings to humans is challenging.