Читать книгу High-Performance Materials from Bio-based Feedstocks - Группа авторов - Страница 17

Lignin is a three‐dimensional biopolymer composed of coniferyl alcohol, sinapyl alcohol, and p‐coumaryl alcohol monomers, but its specific structure and composition depend on the biomass [11]. A large number of hydroxyl groups in lignin provide a template for modification with specific functional groups. The ease and variability of lignin modification enable tailoring of the lignin structure to recover precious metals and rare earth metals (Chapter 7). Lignin has been used in fertilizer formulations, with the addition of plasticizers to improve the film‐forming properties (Chapter 16). Other applications of lignin are as binders in Li‐ion batteries (Chapter 5).