Читать книгу Ridley's The Vulva - Группа авторов - Страница 70

The perineum is the outer diamond‐shaped area inferior to the sheet of muscle forming the pelvic floor, and is bounded by the symphysis pubis anteriorly, the ischial tuberosities laterally, and the coccyx posteriorly. It is an embryological junctional zone derived from the body wall ectoderm, hindgut endoderm, and the intervening mesoderm that surrounded the original cloacal membrane. It is further divided into an anterior urogenital triangle and posterior anal triangle. The vulva lies mainly within the anterior urogenital triangle but then extends anteriorly to the pubic symphysis. The anal canal and ischiorectal fossa occupy the posterior anal triangle. The perineal body is a fibromuscular mass lying between the upper half of the anterior anal wall and the entire posterior portion of the vagina. It is the central point where muscles attach to the ischial tuberosities.