Читать книгу Ridley's The Vulva - Группа авторов - Страница 76

The pelvic floor (pelvic diaphragm) is composed of sheets of muscles arranged around the midline urethra, vagina, and anal canal. The main functions of the pelvic floor are to support the pelvic organs and to help to maintain continence when intra‐abdominal pressure is raised during episodes of coughing, sneezing, and muscular effort. This pelvic floor is made up of the ischiococcygeus, iliococcygeus, and pubococcygeus muscles, which have a bilateral linear origin from the white line overlying the obturator fascia on the side wall of the pelvis. This extends from the ischial spine posteriorly to the pubic bone anteriorly. The muscles reach their midline insertion into the sacrum, coccyx, anococcygeal raphe, and perineal body, and therefore form a gutter‐shaped pelvic floor, which slopes downwards and forwards (Figure 2.15).

Figure 2.14 A coronal section through the anal canal and ischiorectal fossa.