Читать книгу Small Animal Surgical Emergencies - Группа авторов - Страница 204

Gastric dilatation and volvulus (GDV) is a relatively common acute abdominal condition in deep‐chested, large‐breed dogs [1]. A study of first‐opinion emergency clinics in the UK found a prevalence of 0.64% [2]. Small and medium‐sized breeds of dog are uncommonly affected by the condition. It is extremely rare in cats but has been reported as a spontaneous condition and is also associated with diaphragmatic rupture [3–5].

There are several syndromes associated with gastric dilatation in dogs, including a chronic form of GDV [6], and acute gastric dilatation without volvulus. This chapter focuses on the management of dogs presenting with acute GDV.

Dogs with GDV are commonly presented with severe cardiovascular compromise and require rapid stabilization and appropriate management for successful outcomes. Since the condition was first described, mortality has reduced from 33–68% to approximately 15% [7]. Reported survival rates for GDV in referral centers in the past 15 years are between 73.2% and 90.2% [8–15].

The management of GDV can be divided into the following steps:

1 Restoration of perfusion.

2 Gastric decompression.

3 Anesthesia for exploratory laparotomy.

4 Gastric derotation and decompression.

5 Resection of non‐viable tissue.

6 Gastropexy.

7 Postoperative care and monitoring.