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Оглавление1 Chapter 1Figure 1.1 Cat with open mouth breathing secondary to the pain associated wi...Figure 1.2 Lateral thoracic radiograph showing cranioventral pulmonary infil...Figure 1.3 Continuous pulse oximetry assessment in a laterally recumbent dog...Figure 1.4 TFAST ultrasonographic appearance (still image) of a B‐line, whic...Figure 1.5 Bright pink mucous membranes in a dog with septic peritonitis.Figure 1.6 Cadaveric dissection of the urethral papilla in a female dog, whi...Figure 1.7 Distal end of a locking loop, or pigtail, catheter. The catheter ...
2 Chapter 2Figure 2.1 Balfour retractor (bottom left), Poole suction tip (top left), st...Figure 2.2 Portable suction machine.Figure 2.3 Stapling device and cartridge options.Figure 2.4 The bipolar vessel sealing device (LigaSure, Medtronics, Dublin I...Figure 2.5 An assortment of Hemoclip® and Ligaclip® sizes, Surgice...Figure 2.6 Instrumentation available to perform a ureterotomy in a cat. (a) ...Figure 2.7 Weck‐Cel® cellulose eye spears are used to absorb and wick f...Figure 2.8 Silicone vessel loops retracting a ureter containing a ureterolit...Figure 2.9 Silicone vessel loops retracting a ureter.Figure 2.10 Operating microscope set‐up prior to patient placement between t...Figure 2.11 (a) Perineal urethrostomy set‐up prior to positioning of patient...Figure 2.12 Patient positioning for dorsal perineal urethrostomy approach.Figure 2.13 Perineal urethrostomy instrumentation, including small Gelpi (bo...Figure 2.14 Intraoperative perineal urethrostomy surgery of a cat in dorsal ...Figure 2.15 Contrast study in a male dog identifying the location of a ureth...Figure 2.16 Contrast extravasation from a tear in the urinary bladder in a p...Figure 2.17 (a) Temporary tracheostomy set. (b) Additional equipment to perf...Figure 2.18 Tape straps are placed behind the patient's canine teeth to allo...Figure 2.19 Finochietto rib retractors, which are supplied in multiple sizes...Figure 2.20 Use of a TA30 stapling device for a lung lobectomy.Figure 2.21 Chest tube instrumentation for thoracic cavity evacuation includ...Figure 2.22 Sternal thoracotomy instrumentation, including sternal wire with...Figure 2.23 Parker Kerr retractors.Figure 2.24 Cooley/Satinsky vascular clamps.Figure 2.25 (a) Right‐angle mixter forceps (size appropriate) to aide with b...Figure 2.26 Malleable retractors for retraction of the lungs during thoracic...Figure 2.27 (a) A neonatal supply box. (b) Contents of the box; appropriate ...Figure 2.28 For penile surgery, umbilical tape may be used to help keep the ...Figure 2.29 Gelpi retractors.Figure 2.30 Babcock tissue forceps.Figure 2.31 Drains: (a) passive (Penrose); (b) active (JP).Figure 2.32 Blunt probe.Figure 2.33 Materials used for vacuum‐assisted wound closure.Figure 2.34 Equipment for preoperative periocular surgical preparation.Figure 2.35 Sterile preparation kit used to aseptically cleanse the patient'...Figure 2.36 Large dental surgical instrument set for more complex procedures...Figure 2.37 (a) Part I periodontal extraction cassette. (b) Part II periodon...Figure 2.38 Top: Garant mixing tips. Left to right: 16‐gauge needles to guid...Figure 2.39 3 M™ ESPE™ 4 : 1/10 : 1 Garant dispenser automatical...Figure 2.40 Ingress needle shown delivering pressurized fluid into affected ...Figure 2.41 Components of a portable arthroscopy tower, including an imaging...Figure 2.42 Routine orthopedic instrument set.Figure 2.43 String of Pearls® set.Figure 2.44 (a) Nuts and bolts set. (b) Carbon fiber rods and clamp set. (c)...Figure 2.45 Application of carbon fiber rods and clamps in external fixation...Figure 2.46 The I‐Loc set contains three color‐coded trays indicating size....
3 Chapter 4Figure 4.1 Typical obstruction sites for bulky (bone) foreign bodies.Figure 4.2 Radiograph of an osseous foreign body within a dog's caudal thora...Figure 4.3 Pathophysiology of esophageal injury.Figure 4.4 Pneumomediastinum and pneumothorax following forceps retrieval of...Figure 4.5 A markedly widened caudal mediastinum is seen here, due to the pr...Figure 4.6 Endoscopic view of a bone (condyle) lodged in the thoracic esopha...Figure 4.7 Esophagitis caused by pressure from the (removed) bone is now see...Figure 4.8 Custom‐made esophageal forceps with 75 cm shaft and toothed grasp...Figure 4.9 A management algorithm for esophageal foreign bodies. FB, foreign...Figure 4.10 Stay sutures employed to elevate and manipulate the esophagus in...Figure 4.11 Omentum exteriorized via a paracostal laparotomy, in preparation...Figure 4.12 Diaphragmatic patch (P) sutured in place to buttress the esophag...Case Figure 4.1 Lateral thoracic radiograph identifying a very large bone wi...Case Figure 4.2 A thoracic drain and a gastrostomy tube are placed after rem...Figure 4.13 Radiograph demonstrating a large fishhook within the thoracic es...Figure 4.14 (a) Endoscopic view (looking distally) of a fishhook within the ...Figure 4.15 Radiograph demonstrating a needle embedded in the esophageal wal...Figure 4.16 (a) Marked soft‐tissue swelling and subcutaneous emphysema commo...Figure 4.17 A splinter of wood being retrieved during a ventral midline expl...
4 Chapter 5Figure 5.1 Removal of solidified wood glue from the stomach of a dog. Note t...Figure 5.2 (a) A right lateral radiograph of a dog that ingested pebbles. No...Figure 5.3 (a) Transverse sonogram of the duodenum at the level of the duode...Figure 5.4 (a) Foreign body within the stomach. The stomach has been packed ...Figure 5.5 A string foreign body under the tongue of a cat.Figure 5.6 Anatomy of the stomach and duodenum including the entrance of nor...Figure 5.7 (a) and (b) Discrete foreign body lodged within the small intesti...Figure 5.8 Luminal disparity can be corrected by transecting the smaller int...Figure 5.9 (a) and (b) A longitudinal incision is made along the antimesente...Figure 5.10 Small intestinal plication secondary to a linear foreign body in...Figure 5.11 Perforation of the small intestine at the mesenteric border, sec...
5 Chapter 6Figure 6.1 Lateral radiographic projection of a cat with an obstruction and ...Figure 6.2 Transverse ultrasound image of small intestinal intussusception....Figure 6.3 Longitudinal ultrasound image of small intestinal intussusception...Figure 6.4 Algorithm for fluid resuscitation in patients with intussusceptio...Figure 6.5 Intraoperative photograph of a jejunojejunal intussusception in a...Figure 6.6 Intraoperative photograph of a small intestinal intussusception i...Figure 6.7 Intraoperative photograph of enteroplication. A resection and ana...Figure 6.8 Resected segment of intestine submitted for histopathologic analy...
6 Chapter 7Figure 7.1 Cat with rectal prolapse. Note the minimal ability to insert hemo...Figure 7.2 (a) Two‐year‐old female intact mixed‐ breed dog presented for rec...Figure 7.3 A patient with rectal prolapse positioned for rectal resection an...Figure 7.4 (a) Intraoperative image of rectal resection and anastomosis. A 1...
7 Chapter 8Figure 8.1 Standard poodle collapsed with abdominal distension due to gastri...Figure 8.2 Right lateral abdominal radiograph showing gastric dilatation and...Figure 8.3 Right lateral abdominal radiograph showing gastric dilatation and...Figure 8.4 (a) Once an area of tympany is identified, a 14‐ or 16‐gauge over...Figure 8.5 Measuring stomach tube prior to orogastric intubation. The end of...Figure 8.6 Bandage roll placed in dog's mouth as a gag and to facilitate pas...Figure 8.7 Series of intraoperative images showing derotation of the stomach...Figure 8.8 Intraoperative images of gastric necrosis at exploratory laparoto...Figure 8.9 Series of intraoperative images showing the technique for incisio...Figure 8.10 Series of intraoperative images showing the technique for belt‐l...Figure 8.11 Series of intraoperative images showing the technique for tube g...
8 Chapter 9Figure 9.1 Diagram of the visceral branches of the aorta with their principa...Figure 9.2 Intraoperative photograph illustrating the classic appearance of ...Figure 9.3 Decision‐making algorithm for a patient with an acute abdomen.Case Figure 9.1 Lateral abdominal radiograph of a Great Dane with severe, ge...Figure 9.4 Postmortem photograph of a dog with complete mesenteric torsion. ...Figure 9.5 Intraoperative photograph of a dog with intestinal volvulus invol...
9 Chapter 10Figure 10.1 Blood supply to the colon. The majority of the colon receives it...Figure 10.2 Right lateral abdominal radiograph following barium enema. Conin...Figure 10.3 Intraoperative photograph of a colonic torsion. A 180‐degree tor...
10 Chapter 11Figure 11.1 Severe generalized septic peritonitis in a dog due to leakage of...Figure 11.2 (a) Marked pneumoperitoneum in a cat with gastric perforation se...Figure 11.3 Cytology of peritoneal effusion from a dog with suspected septic...Case Figure 11.1 Open peritoneal drainage modified by the addition of a clos...Figure 11.4 Open peritoneal drainage is established by leaving a gap between...Figure 11.5 Components of the vacuum‐assisted closure bandage include a foam...Figure 11.6 (a) An incisional infection/dehiscence and focal peritonitis in ...Figure 11.7 Components of a closed‐suction drain include a bulb reservoir co...
11 Chapter 12Figure 12.1 Septic peritonitis caused by an infected chromic gut suture used...Figure 12.2 An abdominal exploratory on a cat five days after an intestinal ...Figure 12.3 The use of an omental patch following intestinal resection and a...Figure 12.4 Enterotomy closure following foreign body removal in a dog. (a) ...Figure 12.5 The use of Surgicel® to address continued parenchymal bleed...
12 Chapter 13Figure 13.1 The gallbladder has been dissected from the liver to increase vi...Figure 13.2 A necrotic gallbladder secondary to infarction.Figure 13.3 (a) A gallbladder containing a mucocele. The gallbladder is dist...Figure 13.4 Algorithm for the diagnosis of jaundice. CT, computed tomography...Figure 13.5 Cytology of bile peritonitis: Note the extracellular bile pigmen...Case Figure 13.1 Ruptured gallbladder mucocele with localized bile peritonit...Figure 13.6 The calcified density in the right cranial quadrant is a large s...Figure 13.7 Classic ultrasonographic appearance of a gallbladder mucocele wi...Figure 13.8 Ultrasonographic image of a distended gallbladder and bile duct ...Figure 13.9 Computed tomography of a gallbladder mucocele and liver mass. Th...Figure 13.10 Surgical options available for treatment of extrahepatic biliar...Figure 13.11 An incision has been made in the duodenum and a catheter has be...Figure 13.12 The gallbladder is being freed from the liver with a combinatio...Figure 13.13 The cystic duct and artery are ligated with vascular clips. A h...Figure 13.14 (a) Cholecystoenterostomy two‐layer closure. The gallbladder (G...Figure 13.15 (a) Severe bile duct dilation is noted resulting from multiple ...
13 Chapter 14Figure 14.1 A three‐year‐old male castrated Pomeranian that was hit by a car...Figure 14.2 Ultrasound image of a dog with a ruptured splenic mass and hemop...Figure 14.3 (a) Dual‐phase postcontrast abdominal computed tomography (CT), ...Figure 14.4 (a) Intraoperative image of preparation for liver lobectomy usin...Figure 14.5 Intraoperative image depicting splenic torsion. (a) The spleen i...Figure 14.6 Intraoperative image depicting a ruptured splenic osteosarcoma. ...Figure 14.7 Intraoperative image depicting a hilar splenectomy. Note the ind...Figure 14.8 (a) Intraoperative image depicting retroperitoneal hemorrhage se...
14 Chapter 15Figure 15.1 Appearance of an umbilical hernia containing a large volume of i...Figure 15.2 Diagnostic and therapeutic algorithm for umbilical and inguinal/...Case Figure 15.1 Appearance of expanding mass on the ventral abdomen.Case Figure 15.2 Radiographic appearance of abdomen on ventral dorsal view s...Case Figure 15.3 Skin incisions around mass.Case Figure 15.4 Removal of elliptical segment of skin with hernia sac expos...Case Figure 15.5 The hernia sac is carefully opened with Metzenbaum scissors...Case Figure 15.6 Intraoperative image of umbilical hernia after hernia ring ...Case Figure 15.7 Completed closure of umbilical defect with interrupted sutu...Figure 15.3 Releasing incisions in the external rectus fascia to reduce tens...Figure 15.4 Diagram of the inguinal ring anatomy. (a) Internal inguinal ring...Figure 15.5 Incarcerated intestines within a complicated inguinal hernia in ...Figure 15.6 External appearance of bilateral inguinal hernias in an adult Be...Figure 15.7 Lateral abdominal radiograph showing loss of the caudal abdomina...Figure 15.8 External appearance of a right scrotal hernia. Note the tube‐lik...Figure 15.9 Midline approach to inguinal hernia repair. (a) Proposed skin in...Figure 15.10 Intraoperative image showing preplaced monofilament sutures clo...Figure 15.11 Midline approach showing bilateral inguinal hernia repair with ...Figure 15.12 Right paramedian approach to a scrotal hernia. Intestines have ...Figure 15.13 Repair of scrotal hernia with castration. (a) Skin incision, th...
15 Chapter 16Figure 16.1 Abdominal wall in ventral view with transections at three levels...Figure 16.2 Muscles of abdominal wall, ventral view.Figure 16.3 Left lateral abdominal radiograph of a mixed‐breed dog suffering...Figure 16.4 Ventrodorsal radiograph of a one‐year‐old Yorkshire Terrier with...Figure 16.5 Major abdominal evisceration secondary to incisional dehiscence ...Figure 16.6 Decision making and timing for surgical repair of abdominal hern...Figure 16.7 Patient suffering from penetrating bite wounds is prepared for s...Figure 16.8 Ventral midline laparotomy of the dog presented in Figure 16.4. ...Figure 16.9 Middle‐aged male castrated Labrador presented with a body wall h...
16 Chapter 17Figure 17.1 Anatomy of the right perineal region. R, rectum; L, levator ani;...Figure 17.2 Extensive perineal swelling in an intact male Dachshund with bil...Figure 17.3 Laxity of the pelvic diaphragm is evident of digital rectal exam...Figure 17.4 Diagnostic images from an eight‐year‐old, mixed‐breed, intact ma...Figure 17.5 Computed tomographic images of an 11‐year‐old male castrated Dob...Figure 17.6 To perform concurrent abdominal and perineal approaches, the dog...Figure 17.7 In a dog in ventral recumbency, exposure of the internal obturat...Figure 17.8 Non‐incisional colopexy. Interrupted sutures are placed between ...Figure 17.9 Algorithm for diagnosis and treatment of perineal hernia with an...Figure 17.10 Contrast cystogram of a 13‐year‐old, mixed‐breed, intact male d...Case Figure 17.1 Lateral abdominal radiograph of a seven‐year‐old, male inta...Case Figure 17.2 Perineal ultrasound of the dog in Case Figure 17.1. The per...Figure 17.11 Lateral (a) and ventrodorsal (b) survey radiographs of the dog ...Figure 17.12 Herniation of the bladder and small intestine was diagnosed dur...
17 Chapter 18Figure 18.1 Normal canine pancreas showing the right and left lobes and body...Figure 18.2 Ventrodorsal (a) and lateral (b) abdominal radiographs of a five...Figure 18.3 Abdominal ultrasound image of a 3.0 cm fluid‐filled pancreatic m...Figure 18.4 Abdominal ultrasound image of a 2.5 × 3.0 cm heterogeneous pancr...Case Figure 18.1 Intraoperative photograph of a pancreatic abscess (white ar...Case Figure 18.2 Intraoperative photographs during debridement (a) of a panc...Case Figure 18.3 Intraoperative photograph during omentalization of a pancre...Figure 18.5 Intraoperative photograph of pancreatic abscessation in a Yorksh...Figure 18.6 Intraoperative photographs of pancreatic abscess surgery in a tw...Figure 18.7 Intraoperative photographs (a, b) of pancreatic abscess debridem...Figure 18.8 Intraoperative photographs of pancreatic abscess omentalization ...
18 Chapter 19Figure 19.1 (a) View from the diaphragm demonstrating the anatomic distribut...Figure 19.2 Method for obtaining a guillotine biopsy of hepatic parenchyma. ...Figure 19.3 Methods for obtaining a punch biopsy of hepatic parenchyma. This...Figure 19.4 Transection of this ligament allows for improved access to the h...Figure 19.5 (a) An incision into the muscular portion of the diaphragm has b...Figure 19.6 Isolation of the left lateral lobar hepatic artery and left late...Figure 19.7 A 12 Fr red rubber catheter has been placed on the nose of the D...
19 Chapter 20Figure 20.1 Physical examination findings commonly identified in a patient w...Figure 20.2 Lateral and ventrodorsal radiographs of a dog that had diarrhea ...Figure 20.3 Gastric wall defect. Note the marked gastric wall thickening mar...Figure 20.4 (a) Normal duodenal lymphoid nodule (arrow). Note the lack of hy...Figure 20.5 Small intestinal perforation, peritonitis, and pneumoperitoneum....Figure 20.6 (a) Ultrasonound image of a dog with a small intestinal ulcerati...Figure 20.7 Abdominal computed tomography image from a dog with a perforated...Figure 20.8 Endoscopic evaluation of a dog with intermittent vomiting reveal...Figure 20.9 Gastric ulceration and hemorrhage in the cardia of a dog with a ...
20 Chapter 21Figure 21.1 Nasoesophageal feeding tube in a dog secured to the head using t...Figure 21.2 Nasoesophageal feeding tube in a cat secured to the head using t...Figure 21.3 Nasoesophageal feeding tube in a dog with an Elizabethan collar ...Figure 21.4 Esophagostomy feeding tube placement in a cat.(a) The cat is...Figure 21.5 A light collar used for dressing an esophagostomy tube in cats....Figure 21.6 Percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy tube placement in a dog....Figure 21.7 Algorithm for consideration of assisted enteral feeding tube pla...Figure 21.8 Presence of infection at the insertion site of an esophagostomy ...
21 Chapter 22Figure 22.1 Causes of acute uremia.Case Figure 22.1 Electrocardiogram of a patient with hyperkalemia.Case Figure 22.2 Abdominal radiograph of a cat with cystic calculi. Multiple...Case Figure 22.3 Abdominal bruising in a dog that was hit by a car.Case Figure 22.4 Contrast cystogram of the dog confirms a ruptured urinary b...Figure 22.2 Treatment algorithm for the oliguric patient.
22 Chapter 23Figure 23.1 A 1.5‐year‐old female spayed Standard Poodle was presented for a...Figure 23.2 A three‐year‐old Chihuahua that was attacked by a Rottweiler. Bl...Figure 23.3 A six‐year‐old male castrated Jack Russell Terrier that was hit ...Figure 23.4 A six‐month‐old female spayed Wheaten Terrier who sustained an i...Figure 23.5 Renal descensus, cystopexy and nephrocystopexy performed in a do...Figure 23.6 Modified Boari flap. (a) A cranially based bladder flap is creat...
23 Chapter 24Figure 24.1 (a) Photograph of a cat after vehicular trauma. Ventral abdomina...Figure 24.2 Algorithm for management of suspected urinary tract injury.Figure 24.3 Electrocardiogram (ECG) from a dog that presented laterally recu...Figure 24.4 Photograph of an adult male dog after vehicular trauma. The diag...Figure 24.5 Lateral radiograph of an adult male dog after falling from a mot...Case Figure 24.1 (a) A positive‐contrast cystogram performed in a three‐year...Figure 24.6 Lateral radiograph of an adult male dog with a ruptured bladder....Figure 24.7 Ventrodorsal radiograph of an adult male dog with rupture of the...Figure 24.8 Intraoperative photograph of a juvenile female dog. The photogra...Figure 24.9 Neurovascular anatomy of the canine urinary bladder.Figure 24.10 Intraoperative photograph of a seven‐month‐old male Japanese Ch...Figure 24.11 Lateral abdominal radiograph of an adult female dog after vehic...
24 Chapter 25Figure 25.1 Lateral radiograph of a stray adult female cat that presented wi...Figure 25.2 (a) An adult male dog that presented with bite wounds in the ing...Case Figure 25.1 (a) Positive contrast urethrogram revealing multiple small ...Figure 25.3 Fluoroscopic image of a young male cat with idiopathic lower uri...Figure 25.4 Anatomy of the bladder and urethra of male dogs.Figure 25.5 Anatomy of the bladder and urethra of male cats.Figure 25.6 (a) Lateral radiograph of a five‐year‐old Dachshund that present...Figure 25.7 Lateral radiograph of an adult male dog. An anal sacculectomy wa...Figure 25.8 Algorithm for the management of suspected urethral trauma.; Case Figure 25.2 (a) Abdominal radiograph showing extravasation of contras...Figure 25.9 Pubic osteotomy. (a) The pubis is transected at three sites. Hol...Figure 25.10 Pubic and ischial osteotomy. (a) The obturator foramina are exp...Figure 25.11 Intraoperative photographs of a 10‐year‐old mixed‐breed dog tha...Figure 25.12 (a) Positive‐contrast urethrography in a four‐month‐old male La...Figure 25.13 Penile amputation and scrotal urethrostomy in a dog. (a) Preope...
25 Chapter 26Figure 26.1 Use of a paddle to compress the abdomen caudal to the kidney may...Figure 26.2 Urinary tract ultrasound of a cat diagnosed with a ureteral calc...Figure 26.3 Computed tomography; transverse section through the left kidney ...Figure 26.4 The 45‐degree jeweler's forceps are blunt and useful for stone r...Figure 26.5 Pierce microtissue forceps have “teeth” that are useful for ston...Figure 26.6 Vessel dilators are useful in dilation of the terminal portion o...Figure 26.7 Approximating clamp with cleats can be useful to atraumatically ...Figure 26.8 A stone can be seen through the wall of this obstructed ureter (...Figure 26.9 (a) Ureterotomy incisions are made just proximal to the obstruct...Figure 26.10 A renal descensus and cystonephropexy was performed in conjunct...Figure 26.11 Simple interrupted sutures are placed full thickness to close t...Figure 26.12 Completed ureterotomy incision should be watertight if adequate...Figure 26.13 Ureteral anastomosis. Following spatulation of the ureter, an i...Figure 26.14 Intravesicular neoureterocystostomy is performed by placing the...Figure 26.15 The remaining sutures are placed to complete the intravesicular...Figure 26.16 The extravesicular neoureterocystostomy is performed with a sma...Figure 26.17 The ureteral wall is sutured to the mucosal layer of the bladde...Figure 26.18 The seromuscular layer is closed over the ureter in a simple in...Figure 26.19 A ureteral stent is being placed using an antegrade approach to...Figure 26.20 A ureteral stent that migrated into the bladder in a cat.
26 Chapter 27Figure 27.1 Overlapping box suture for securing cystostomy tube. (a) A Pezze...Figure 27.2 A seven‐year‐old male castrated Brussels Griffon that was recent...Figure 27.3 Scrotal urethrostomy. (a) A urethral catheter is placed in a ret...Figure 27.4 Urethrostomy in a clinical patient. (a) Structures identified fo...Figure 27.5 (a) The cat is positioned in ventral recumbency with an anal pur...Figure 27.6 The figure‐of‐eight suture pattern allows precise apposition of ...Figure 27.7 Transpelvic urethrostomy in cat (a). The cat is positioned in do...Figure 27.8 Prepubic urethrostomy. (a, inset) The dashed line indicates the ...Figure 27.9 (a–c) A seven‐year‐old male castrated Beagle was presented for a...
27 Chapter 28Figure 28.1 Orthopneic dog with head and neck extended, receiving oxygen sup...Figure 28.2 (a) Dog with subcutaneous emphysema due to a tracheal laceration...Figure 28.3 Dog receiving high‐flow nasal oxygen therapy. Bilateral nasal ca...Figure 28.4 Example of setup for endotracheal intubation including various‐s...Figure 28.5 Insertion of a large‐bore catheter between tracheal rings into t...Figure 28.6 The end of the catheter can be attached directly to the gas outl...
28 Chapter 29Figure 29.1 (a) A standard cuffed endotracheal tube can be used. (b) The ada...Figure 29.2 (a) A commercial cuffed tracheostomy tube, with (b) obturator, a...Figure 29.3 (a) An advanced cuffed tracheostomy tube with oxygen administrat...Figure 29.4 Anatomy of the trachea.Figure 29.5 An incision (a) is made starting at the level of the cricoid car...Figure 29.6 Permanent tracheostomy. Mattress sutures (yellow arrows) are pre...Figure 29.7 Permanent tracheostomy. Mattress sutures are preplaced through t...
29 Chapter 30Figure 30.1 (a) Right lateral and (b) ventrodorsal thoracic radiographs of a...Figure 30.2 Sedated oral examination findings and therapy.Figure 30.3 (a) Normal canine external nose anatomy. The size of the nostril...Figure 30.4 Elongated soft palate in a brachycephalic breed. The soft palate...Figure 30.5 Endoscopic airway examination of a brachycephalic dog. The shiny...Figure 30.6 Patient positioned in sternal recumbency for transoral surgery. ...Figure 30.7 (a) A three‐year‐old male castrated Bulldog with brachycephalic ...Figure 30.8 (a) Folded flap palatoplasty. A portion of the oropharyngeal muc...Figure 30.9 A brachycephalic animal with stenotic nares. The red lines indic...Figure 30.10 Location of punch biopsy placement for nares resection.Figure 30.11 (a and b) A 16‐week‐old French Bulldog before and after aggress...Figure 30.12 Diagnostic and therapeutic steps for continued dyspnea followin...
30 Chapter 31Figure 31.1 Cadaver specimen of canine larynx rostrocaudal view. In this spe...Figure 31.2 (a) Following skin incision the subcutaneous platysma and paroti...
31 Chapter 32Figure 32.1 Laryngeal fracture (white arrows) following a dog bite to the ne...Figure 32.2 Fracture of the hyoid apparatus.Figure 32.3 Thoracic radiographs of a dog that sustained laryngeal trauma fo...Figure 32.4 Ventral laryngotomy to resect scar tissue present in the cranial...Figure 32.5 Ventral laryngotomy closed with cruciate suture.Figure 32.6 Permanent tracheostomy performed in a dog with severe scar tissu...
32 Chapter 33Figure 33.1 Tracheoscopy in a 14‐year‐old male castrated Yorkshire Terrier s...Figure 33.2 Extraluminal ring prosthetics are shown sutured to the trachea f...Figure 33.3 A series of lateral radiographic images demonstrating guidewire ...Figure 33.4 A series of lateral radiographic images of intraluminal stent pl...Figure 33.5 Lateral radiographic image of a dog that has experienced a stent...
33 Chapter 34Figure 34.1 Algorithm for stabilization of pleural space disease. CT, comput...Figure 34.2 A single lateral thoracic radiograph of a cat showing a large vo...Figure 34.3 Equipment for thoracocentesis, including butterfly catheter, thr...Figure 34.4 Thoracostomy tube placement with the excess skin pulled craniall...Figure 34.5 Placement of a chest tube (MILA Inc.) using a Seldinger techniqu...
34 Chapter 35Figure 35.1 Intraoperative view of the cat in Figure 35.5 showing a circumco...Figure 35.2 Diaphragm visualized from the thoracic cavity. Patient is in ste...Figure 35.3 Diaphragm visualized from the abdominal cavity. Patient is in do...Figure 35.4 Left lateral view of the thoracic cavity showing the orientation...Figure 35.5 (a) Right lateral and (b) ventrodorsal thoracic radiographs of a...Figure 35.6 (a) Left lateral thoracic radiograph of the cat in Figure 35.1. ...Figure 35.7 Ultrasound examination of the right fourth intercostal space of ...Figure 35.8 Intraoperative view showing preplacement of a red rubber feeding...
35 Chapter 36Figure 36.1 Diagnostic and therapeutic approach for cats and dogs diagnosed ...Figure 36.2 Pleural fluid cytology from a five‐year‐old female spayed Persia...Figure 36.3 Pleural fluid cytology from a five‐year‐old female spayed Persia...Figure 36.4 Right lateral thoracic radiograph of a feline patient with pyoth...Figure 36.5 Thoracoscopic image of a canine pyothorax during VATS with exten...Case Figure 36.1 (a) Ventrodorsal and (b) right lateral radiographs of a thr...Case Figure 36.2 Median sternotomy of a three‐year‐old Weimaraner with pyoth...
36 Chapter 37Figure 37.1 The arteries of the right canine thorax.Figure 37.2 The arteries of the left canine thorax.Figure 37.3 Ventrodorsal (a) and right lateral (b) radiograph of a dog that ...Figure 37.4 Ventrodorsal (a) and right lateral (b) radiograph of a dog which...Figure 37.5 Direct smear of an acute hemorrhagic thoracic exudate. Red blood...Figure 37.6 Direct smear of a chronic hemorrhagic thoracic exudate. A large ...
37 Chapter 38Figure 38.1 Algorithm of the classification, stabilization, and treatment of...Figure 38.2 (a) Right lateral and (b) ventrodorsal radiographs of a 12‐year‐...Figure 38.3 Diagram of “inspiration” and “expiration” showing the relationsh...Figure 38.4 (a) Right lateral and (b) ventrodorsal radiographs of a five‐yea...Figure 38.5 (a) Right lateral and (b) ventrodorsal radiographs of a six‐year...Case Figure 38.1 (a) Right lateral and (b) ventrodorsal thoracic radiographs...Case Figure 38.2 A pulmonary bulla was found near the base of the cranial po...Case Figure 38.3 A partial lung lobectomy being performed with a TA30 V3 sta...Figure 38.6 Thoracoscopic image of a pulmonary bulla of the lung during thor...Figure 38.7 A 3.5‐year‐old female spayed Siberian Husky with a history of he...Figure 38.8 A typical thin‐walled pulmonary bleb noted on exploratory thorac...
38 Chapter 39Figure 39.1 Anatomy of the right lung; (a) lateral and (b) medial aspect....Figure 39.2 Anatomy of the left lung; (a) lateral and (b) medial aspect.Figure 39.3 (a) R Lateral and (b) Ventrodorsal thoracic radiographs of a thr...Figure 39.4 (a) A two‐year‐old female spayed mixed‐breed dog was presented f...Figure 39.5 A necrotic, torsed lung lobe is isolated through a right sided t...Figure 39.6 A thoracoabdominal stapler (TA™ 30) is used to perform a complet...Case Figure 39.1 Right lateral thoracic radiograph that shows dorsal displac...Case Figure 39.2 Ventrodorsal thoracic radiograph that demonstrates soft‐tis...Case Figure 39.3 Isolation of the thoracic duct following injection of methy...
39 Chapter 40Figure 40.1 Initial skin incision to perform a lateral thoracotomy in the fi...Figure 40.2 The latissimus dorsi muscle is (a) isolated and (b) incised.Figure 40.3 The fifth rib is identified by the location of termination of th...Figure 40.4 The scalenus and serratus ventralis muscles have been incised ov...Figure 40.5 (a) The internal intercostal muscle and pleura are identified af...Figure 40.6 Sutures of 0 or 2‐0 polydioxanone are preplaced around the ribs ...Figure 40.7 To aid in closure of the thoracotomy, an assistant can place tra...Figure 40.8 Following closure of the scalenus and serratus ventralis muscles...Figure 40.9 An incision is made from the manubrium to the xiphoid process. T...Figure 40.10 The sternebrae can be cauterized to establish a cutting line fo...Figure 40.11 Ventral mediastinal attachments are identified during initial a...Figure 40.12 (a) The wire is preplaced in a simple interrupted pattern aroun...Figure 40.13 The scope cannula and obturator are introduced in a paraxiphoid...Figure 40.14 A lung lobectomy is being performed by hand suturing technique....Figure 40.15 (a) A TA 55 stapling device has been placed and is being used t...
40 Chapter 41Figure 41.1 Algorithm for stabilization of chest wall disease. IV‐Intravenou...Figure 41.2 Intercostal nerve block. The intercostal nerve runs along the ca...Case Figure 41.1 Lateral thoracic radiographs: (a) right and (b) left. Sublu...
41 Chapter 42Figure 42.1 Pectus excavatum in a cat. The head is pointed to the right and ...Figure 42.2 (a) Lateral and (b) ventrodorsal projections of a patient presen...Figure 42.3 The frontosagittal index is the ratio of the width of the chest ...Figure 42.4 Two parallel rows of four to six holes are drilled into the exte...Figure 42.5 Sutures are passed blindly around the sternum by maneuvering off...Figure 42.6 To prevent the sutures from pulling through the sternal cartilag...Figure 42.7 A towel clamp can be placed on the xiphoid process to aid in ven...Figure 42.8 The ends of the circumcostal sutures are passed through the hole...Figure 42.9 The sutures are securely tied on the ventral aspect of the splin...Figure 42.10 The ventrum of a kitten 28 days following placement of an exter...
42 Chapter 43Figure 43.1 Flail chest physiology: the paradoxical motion of the flail ches...Figure 43.2 Placement of a heavy suture around the fractured ribs. The needl...Figure 43.3 A frame can be built with methyl methacrylate and applied to the...Figure 43.4 The frame can be built with tongue depressors. The outside of th...Figure 43.5 An aluminum frame has been built to support the flail chest. The...
43 Chapter 44Figure 44.1 Electrocardiogram tracings from dogs requiring pacemaker therapy...Figure 44.2 Diagnostics for the pacemaker candidate.Figure 44.3 (a) Transcutaneous pacing equipment. The self adhesive pads are ...Figure 44.4 Permanent pacemaker generator.Figure 44.5 Temporary pacing system. Via transvenous approach, the tip of th...Figure 44.6 The distal ends of two types of permanent transvenous pacemaker ...Figure 44.7 The permanent pacemaker lead is connected to the generator with ...Figure 44.8 Lateral projection of a dog with a permanent transvenous pacemak...Figure 44.9 Placement of an epicardial pacemaker using a lateral thoracotomy...Figure 44.10 Lateral thoracotomy performed to place epicardial pacemaker. To...Figure 44.11 (a) The head of the programming device is held over the implant...Figure 44.12 Intracardiac electrogram recorded from a transvenous pacing lea...Figure 44.13 Ventrodorsal projection of a dog with a permanent transvenous p...
44 Chapter 45Figure 45.1 The presence of large pericardial effusion reserve is more obvio...Figure 45.2 Lateral and ventrodorsal views of a 13‐year‐old Miniature Poodle...Figure 45.3 Dog with dilated cardiomyopathy. There is marked generalized car...Figure 45.4 (a) Electrical alternans in a dog with pericardial effusion. (b)...Figure 45.5 Approach to the patient presenting with signs consistent with pe...Figure 45.6 Left lateral radiograph of a dog with pericardial effusion. An a...Figure 45.7 Once the pericardium has been entered, a tongue depressor can be...Figure 45.8 (a) Tumor of the right atrial appendage isolated with a Satinsky...Figure 45.9 (a) Tumor of the right atrial appendage in a large breed dog. (b...Figure 45.10 Diagram showing landmarks for a transdiaphragmatic approach wit...Figure 45.11 (a) Thoracoscopic image of a pericardiectomy. Laparoscopic gras...
45 Chapter 46Figure 46.1 Appropriate location of incision for lateral thoracotomy to perf...Figure 46.2 Anatomy of the internal thoracic artery and intercostal arteries...Figure 46.3 The phrenic nerve runs over the dorsal aspect of the heart. If o...Figure 46.4 Red‐rubber catheter, umbilical tape, and hemostats that can be m...Figure 46.5 Transdiaphragmatic approach to open‐chest cardiopulmonary resusc...
46 Chapter 47Figure 47.1 Algorithm for assessment of dystocia and management by cesarean ...Figure 47.2 The uterus is exteriorized and isolated with moistened laparotom...Figure 47.3 A fetus is gently brought to the incision site and removed with ...Figure 47.4 Fetal fluids are cleaned from the surgical field. Upper right: t...
47 Chapter 48Figure 48.1 A seven‐year‐old female mixed‐breed dog was presented for a one‐...Figure 48.2 (a) Lateral abdominal radiograph and (b) ultrasound of a middle‐...Figure 48.3 Ovariohysterectomy performed in a 10‐year‐old female Golden Retr...
48 Chapter 49Figure 49.1 A parasagittal section of the canine penis showing the internal ...Figure 49.2 Semi‐diagrammatic view of the canine penis. The pars longa gland...Figure 49.3 Examination of the penis requires full extrusion from the prepuc...Figure 49.4 Severe preputial and penile trauma in a Maltese cross dog that w...Figure 49.5 Penile prolapse (a) and os penis fracture (also note arrows poin...Figure 49.6 Penile strangulation that occurred due to entrapment by prepucia...Figure 49.7 Paraphimosis in a dog that sustained penile trauma and laceratio...Figure 49.8 Penile aspiration in the dog can easily be performed using a 19‐...Figure 49.9 Non‐ischaemic priapism was diagnosed in this entire male Golden ...Figure 49.10 Examples of other conditions affecting the penis which may pres...Figure 49.11 A bandage tie being used during presurgical preparation of the ...Figure 49.12 Partial penile amputation. (a) The penis is extruded, the ureth...Figure 49.13 The spatulated urethra is sutured to the tunica and penile muco...Figure 49.14 Elevation of the excised penis and prepuce from the ventral abd...Figure 49.15 The dog shown in Figure 49.14 immediately following surgery. Th...Figure 49.16 (a) Testicular torsion in a dog; the intra‐abdominal testicle w...Figure 49.17 A male Boxer was presented with a scrotal abscess and associate...
49 Chapter 50Figure 50.1 (a) Neurovascular supply to the pelvic region. (b) Vascular supp...Figure 50.2 Immature stage of prostatic development (birth to 4 months)...Figure 50.3 Adult prostatic development (4 months to 2 years). T...Figure 50.4 Benign prostatic hypertrophy glandular hyperplasia (< 4–5 years)...Figure 50.5 Benign prostatic hypertrophy complex hyperplasia (≥ 5 years)...Figure 50.6 Benign prostatic hypertrophy cystic hyperplasia. Changes in the ...Figure 50.7 Benign prostatic hypertrophy cystic prostatitis (cystic hyperpla...Figure 50.8 Prostatic abscessation. Epithelial cells increase in size and nu...Figure 50.9 Prostatic abscess. Sagittal ultrasound image of prostate gland s...Figure 50.10 Prostatic abscess. Fine‐needle aspirate cytologic preparation s...Figure 50.11 Abscess drainage. (a) Caudal laparotomy exposure of abscessed p...Figure 50.12 Abscess omentalization. (a) Fenestration of capsular walls of a...
50 Chapter 51Figure 51.1 (a) Dorsal view of the female genitalia. (b) Arterial blood supp...Figure 51.2 (a) An adult stray cat of unknown age was found and a full uteri...Figure 51.3 True vaginal prolapse or type III vaginal fold prolapse in a thr...Figure 51.4 Vaginal fold prolapse type I–II in a dog. Affected bitches are t...Figure 51.5 Type III vaginal fold prolapse. The clinician is generally confr...Figure 51.6 A pedunculated leiomyoma in a dog. A tumor can occasionally be c...Figure 51.7 Vaginal fold prolapse with sugar applied to the vaginal mucosa t...Figure 51.8 (a) A midline episiotomy incision was made for the dog in Figure...Figure 51.9 Surgical treatment for vaginal fold prolapse. (a) Location of ep...Figure 51.10 Surgical treatment for a vaginal prolapse. (a) The dog is place...
51 Chapter 52Figure 52.1 Initial assessment, resuscitation, and wound assessment in a pat...Figure 52.2 Middle‐aged Miniature Poodle that sustained bite wounds to the l...Figure 52.3 A five‐year‐old male castrated Cairn Terrier that sustained exte...Figure 52.4 A five‐year‐old female spayed Miniature Poodle presented after b...Figure 52.5 Treatment of a patient with a bite wound.Figure 52.6 Rib resection performed in a 10‐year‐old male castrated Weimaran...Figure 52.7 Delayed primary closure performed for the dog depicted in Figure...
52 Chapter 53Figure 53.1 Comprehensive assessment and stabilization of the burned patient...Figure 53.2 Burn wound assessment and treatment. SSD, silver sulfadiazine; T...Figure 53.3 (a) An approximately two‐year‐old, female spayed Pit Bull Terrie...Figure 53.4 (a) A 10‐year‐old female spayed Schnauzer with an infected radia...Figure 53.5 (a) A 10–year‐old male castrated Golden Retriever with a patholo...Case Figure 53.1 Commercially available heating disk used during magnetic re...Case Figure 53.2 Twenty‐four hours after magnetic resonance imaging, erythem...Case Figure 53.3 Daily burn care, with application of silver sulfadiazine an...Case Figure 53.4 Daily silver sulfadiazine application and care was continue...Case Figure 53.5 Eleven days after the burn injury, the extent of the wound ...Case Figure 53.6 An approximately 20 × 5 cm area of burned skin was resected...Case Figure 53.7 The incision healed without complication, as did the left i...
53 Chapter 54Figure 54.1 A lateral radiograph, immediately post myelographic study of a f...Case Figure 54.1 During exploratory sternotomy, a left ventricular laceratio...Case Figure 54.2 The left ventricular laceration was closed using two interr...Case Figure 54.3 During abdominal exploratory, a penetrating wound through t...Figure 54.2 (a) A nine‐year‐old male intact Shar Pei was presented after bei...Figure 54.3 A six‐year‐old male intact German Shepherd dog presented after b...Figure 54.4 A three‐year‐old male castrated Golden Retriever was presented w...Figure 54.5 An eight‐year‐old male castrated Golden Retriever was presented ...Case Figure 54.4 A 1.5 year‐old, female spayed mixed‐breed dog that presente...Case Figure 54.5 Quill embedded in the myocardium prior to removal. A mattre...Case Figure 54.6 Quill identified in the right kidney prior to removal. A ma...Figure 54.6 A middle‐aged Labrador Retriever was presented with acute hypers...
54 Chapter 55Figure 55.1 A seven‐year‐old spayed female Bullmastiff presented following t...Figure 55.2 (a) Streptococcal fasciitis following administration of marboflo...Figure 55.3 A five‐year‐old spayed Dachshund referred to the Ontario Veterin...Figure 55.4 Skin discoloration and erythema with minimal swelling was identi...Case Figure 55.1 Progressive left pelvic limb swelling three days following ...Figure 55.5 A six‐month‐old male Great Dane puppy presenting with hind limb ...Figure 55.6 (a–c) An appropriate length of bandage material soaked in raw ho...
55 Chapter 56Figure 56.1 A schematic composition of the cutis. Note that the stratum basa...Figure 56.2 A schematic representation of the perfusion to canine skin. Note...Figure 56.3 A shear wound in a two‐year‐old dog is healing by second intenti...Figure 56.4 A healed wound in the left inguinal area of a four‐year‐old dog ...Figure 56.5 Indolent wound in the right inguinal area of a 10‐year‐old cat. ...Figure 56.6 (a) A moderate anatomic degloving injury to the medial distal an...Figure 56.7 Physiologic degloving injury becomes apparent on the dorsum of a...Figure 56.8 Shear injury to the lateral left hock and metatarsus in a six‐ye...Figure 56.9 (a) Severe anatomic avulsion injury to the face of a six‐year‐ol...Figure 56.10 Abrasion injury to the left flank of a one‐year‐old dog. Althou...Figure 56.11 (a) This shear wound has been protected with liberal amounts of...Figure 56.12 Once the periwound has been clipped and cleansed, the open woun...Figure 56.13 Large degloving wound undergoing surgical debridement using ase...Figure 56.14 An anatomic degloving injury to the trunk. The large flap of sk...Figure 56.15 (a) A clear line of demarcation is appearing in this physiologi...Figure 56.16 (a) Pulsatile lavage units provide a combination of high‐pressu...Figure 56.17 (a) Open wounds can also be lavaged with copious quantities of ...Figure 56.18 Negative pressure wound therapy (NPWT) applied to the degloving...Figure 56.19 (a) Application of a wet‐to‐dry dressing onto a degloving wound...Figure 56.20 Calcium alginate dressings placed on degloving injuries. These ...Figure 56.21 Absorptive silastic foam dressing placed into a trunk degloving...Figure 56.22 Bandage change after three days of a combined calcium alginate ...Figure 56.23 Hydrogel dressing placed onto a granulation tissue bed. Althoug...Figure 56.24 Synthetic micropore placed onto a granulation tissue bed. This ...Figure 56.25 Petroleum‐impregnated dressing on granulating wound. These dres...Figure 56.26 Manuka honey placed onto a degloving wound. Another dressing, s...Figure 56.27 In an area difficult to bandage, the contact layer and the inte...
56 Chapter 57Figure 57.1 (a) Blood supply to the skin of the dog.(b) Direct cutaneous...Figure 57.2 Infected skin flap with seropurulent drainage.Figure 57.3 Postoperative seroma caused by gravity‐dependent dead space and ...Figure 57.4 Flap with a closed suction drain to minimize seroma formation.Figure 57.5 Skin edge dehiscence with granulation tissue formation on the ex...Case Figure 57.1 A transpositional subdermal plexus flap was performed follo...Case Figure 57.2 Moderate congestion with darkening of the edge of the flap....Case Figure 57.3 Subsequent bandage changes revealed progression of distal t...Figure 57.6 Line of demarcation of viable and non‐viable skin on a dog with ...Figure 57.7 Meshed skin graft to minimize seroma and facilitate drainage.
57 Chapter 59Figure 59.1 Patient in dorsal recumbency for ocular surgery.Figure 59.2 Anatomy of the globe.Figure 59.3 (a) Proptosed eye in a dog. (b) Post‐replacement tarsorrhaphy wi...Figure 59.4 Proptosed eye in a Pug with present indirect PLR. When the light...Figure 59.5 Proptosis in a mixed breed dog. The right eye has more than two ...Figure 59.6 Suture placement for replacing a proptosed eye. Globe proptosis ...Figure 59.7 Post‐replacement tarsorrhaphy complications. There is lateral st...Figure 59.8 Lateral strabismus in a mix breed dog prior to removal of the ta...Figure 59.9 (a) Orbital cyst post‐enucleation. (b) Surgical explore prior to...Figure 59.10 Eyelid laceration at the lateral canthus.Figure 59.11 (a) Immediate postoperative appearance of an eyelid mass remova...Figure 59.12 Eyelid laceration repair: The Meibomian glands are used as land...Figure 59.13 (a) Preoperative appearance of an eyelid laceration in a Husky ...Figure 59.14 (a) Chronic keratitis and ulceration after blepharoplasty. (b) ...Figure 59.15 (a) Corneal ulceration secondary to misalignment of the eyelid ...Figure 59.16 Third eyelid and corneal laceration from cat claw injury 36 hou...Figure 59.17 Laceration of the third eyelid that healed by second intention....Figure 59.18 Third eyelid laceration.Figure 59.19 Three‐week postoperative wedge resection of the leading edge of...Figure 59.20 Corneal foreign body.Figure 59.21 (a) Corneal foreign body. (b) Post‐flushing with 3‐cc luer lock...Figure 59.22 Foreign body spud. (a) To make a foreign body spud, take a 1‐cc...Figure 59.23 Full‐thickness penetrating corneal foreign body.Figure 59.24 (a) Corneal foreign body. (b) Post‐foreign body removal. (c) Th...Figure 59.25 (a) One day post‐cat claw laceration to the cornea and lens in ...Figure 59.26 Bacterial keratitis in a dog. A circular area of corneal malaci...Figure 59.27 (a) A corneal laceration in a dog. There is a full‐thickness, d...Figure 59.28 Reinflation of anterior chamber.Figure 59.29 (a) Corneal laceration in a Boston Terrier. (b) Immediately aft...Figure 59.30 Well‐incorporated conjunctival pedicle graft in a cat. One‐year...Figure 59.31 One‐year postoperative conjunctival pedicle graft surgery in a ...Figure 59.32 Creation and placement of a conjunctival graft. The graft is cr...Figure 59.33 (a) Deep corneal ulcer in a seven‐year‐old Lhasa Apso. (b) Trea...Figure 59.34 Complete failure and dehiscence of the conjunctival pedicle gra...
58 Chapter 60Figure 60.1 Cat with orofacial injuries from high‐rise trauma. Photograph (a...Figure 60.2 Dog with mandibular fracture. Photograph (a) and radiograph obta...Figure 60.3 Photographs of tape muzzles in a puppy with bilateral mandibular...Figure 60.4 Photograph (a) of a cat following manual reduction of temporoman...Figure 60.5 Radiograph (a) of a cat with mandibular symphyseal separation. P...Figure 60.6 Cat with temporomandibular joint luxation. Photograph (a) demons...Figure 60.7 Cat with open‐mouth jaw locking. Photograph (a) demonstrating sh...Figure 60.8 Dog with gunshot trauma. Photograph (a) showing severe hemorrhag...Figure 60.9 Kitten with injury caused by electricity. Photographs showing se...Figure 60.10 Kitten with lower lip avulsion. Note the exposed surface of the...
59 Chapter 61Figure 61.1 Bones of the carpus and portal placement. Needle or portal locat...Figure 61.2 Irrigation of the elbow. Needle or portal locations for elbow ir...Figure 61.3 Irrigation of the shoulder. Portal locations for shoulder irriga...Figure 61.4 Irrigation of the tarsus. (a) Dorsal aspect. Portal locations on...Figure 61.5 Irrigation of the stifle. (a) The patient should be placed in do...Figure 61.6 Irrigation of the hip. Portal locations for coxofemoral irrigati...Figure 61.7 Emergency management algorithm. IV, intravenous.
60 Chapter 62Figure 62.1 A type I open fracture of the tibia and fibula in a dog, showing...Figure 62.2 A type II open fracture of the tibia and fibula in a dog with a ...Figure 62.3 A type IIIB open fracture of the metatarsal bones in a dog with ...Figure 62.4 A type I open fracture on the distal femoral diaphysis in a youn...Figure 62.5 (a) Type III open fracture of the carpal bones with extensive lo...Figure 62.6 (a) Radiograph of a type IIIb open fracture of the tibia and fib...Figure 62.7 Intraoperative image of a type I open fracture of the radius and...Figure 62.8 (a) Lateral pelvic limb image of a type IIIb Anderson–Gustilo op...
61 Chapter 63Figure 63.1 (a) and (b) Congenital shoulder luxation. Orthogonal radiographs...Figure 63.2 Lateral shoulder luxation. (a, b) Orthogonal radiographs demonst...Figure 63.3 (a–f) Close reduction for lateral (a–c) and medial shoulder (d–f...Figure 63.4 A Velpeau sling can be used to provide temporary stabilization f...Figure 63.5 (a) and (b) Lateral elbow luxation. Lateral and craniocaudal rad...Figure 63.6 Close reduction for lateral elbow luxation. (a, b) With the dog ...Figure 63.7 (a) and (b) Hyperextenion injury leading to subluxaton of the an...Figure 63.8 (a)–(d) Metatarsophalangeal luxation. Orthogonal radiographs of ...Figure 63.9 Normal (a) and cranial dorsal hip luxation (b). On orthopedic ex...Figure 63.10 (a) and (b) Craniodorsal hip luxation. Right craniodorsal coxof...Figure 63.11 Closed reduction of a craniodorsal coxofemoral luxation. Cranio...Figure 63.12 Closed reduction of a caudoventral coxofemoral luxation. (a and...Figure 63.13 Caudoventral hip luxation. Dorsoventral and lateral radiographi...Figure 63.14 Hyperextension injuries to the tarsal joint. (a) Subluxation of...Figure 63.15 (a and b) Medial shearing injury to the tarsus. A severe sheari...
