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The dehydrated, cyclic dimer of lactic acid is commonly called lactide (3,6‐dimethyl‐1,4‐dioxane‐2,5‐dione). Due to the two asymmetric carbon atoms in the molecule, lactide exists in three different forms (Figure 1.6).

FIGURE 1.6 The three diastereomeric structures of lactide (3,6‐dimethyl‐1,4‐dioxane‐2,5‐dione).

In addition to the three diastereomeric structures mentioned above, also a racemate of D‐lactide and L‐lactide exists: rac‐lactide or D,L‐lactide (Table 1.3).