Читать книгу Dissertation on the Gipseys - Heinrich Moritz Gottlieb Grellmann - Страница 5

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Various Appellations of these People.

It is not uncommon for the same people to be called by different names, in different nations; such is the case with the Gipseys. The French received their first accounts of them from Bohemia; which occasioned their giving them the name of Bohemians (Bohémiens); the Dutch, supposing they came from Egypt, called them Heathens (Heydens). In Denmark, Sweden, and some parts of Germany, Tartars were thought of: the Moors and Arabians, perceiving the propensity the Gipseys have to thieving, adopted the name Charami (robbers) for them. In Hungary, they were formerly called Pharaohites (Pharaoh nepek, Pharaoh’s people); and the vulgar, in Transylvania, continue that name for them. The English do not differ much from these latter (calling them Egyptians—Gipseys); any more than the Portuguese and Spaniards (Gitanos). The Clementines, in Smyrnia, use the appellation Madjub; and the inhabitants of the lesser Bucharia, that of Diajii. The name of Zigeuner has obtained the most general adoption: the Gipseys are so called not only in all Germany, Italy, and Hungary (Tzigany), but frequently in Transylvania, Wallachia, and Moldavia (Cyganis). Moreover the Turks, and other eastern nations, have no other than this name for them (Tschingenés); and perhaps the before-cited Diajii of the Bucharians may be the very same. It has been said, they call themselves Moors; but that is false; Moor is only an adjunct, not the name of any people: it is really a pity, since this name would have been so fair a pretence to make Amorites of them, as some writers have done! It is not by any means proved, that the modern Greeks called them Athingans; this opinion is supported more by the arbitrary assertions of some learned men, than by real facts: which is also the case with the rest of the catalogue of names that have been dispersed, in various treatises on the origin of the Gipseys; as will be hereafter demonstrated.