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[1] See S. Lane-Poole, The Story of the Moors in Spain, 232–280.

[2] Algiers is in Arabic, Al-Gezaïr (“the Islands”), said to be so called from that in its bay; or, more probably, Al-Gezaïr is a grammarian’s explanation of the name Tzeyr or Tzier, by which the Algerians commonly called their city, and which is, I suspect, a corruption of the Roman city Caesarea (Augusta), which occupied almost the same site. It should be remarked that the Algerians pronounce the gīm hard: not Al-Jezaīr. Europeans spelt the name in all sorts of ways: Arger, Argel, Argeir, Algel, &c., down to the French Alger and our Algiers.