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ОглавлениеContents
Tables and Figures
Acknowledgments
Chapter 1An Introduction to Speaking Spanish in the US
Objectives
Introduction
An Interdisciplinary Sociopolitical Approach
Linguistic Variation and Language Varieties
Social Constructionism
Critical Approaches
A Few Words about Terminology
Overview of Chapters
Notes
Chapter 2The Demographics of Spanish in the US
Objectives
Introduction
A Statistical Portrait of Spanish in the US
National Origin Groups
Statistics on Language Ability and Use
The English-speaking Ability of Spanish-speakers and Latinxs
The Desire to Maintain Spanish and the Sorrow of Language Loss
Factors Impacting Language Maintenance and Shift
Spanish Language Maintenance and Shift in the US
Conclusions and Connections
Discussion Questions and Activities for Chapter 2
Note
Further Reading and Resources
Chapter 3The History of Spanish and Spanish-speakers in the US
Objectives
Introduction
Spanish Colonization in North America and the Caribbean
US Expansionism and Spanish in the US
Black and White Legends, Hispanophilia and Oñate’s Foot
(Im)migration and Spanish in the US
Conclusions and Connections
Discussion Questions and Activities for Chapter 3
Note
Further Reading and Resources
Chapter 4Language Ideologies
Objectives
Introduction
Language Ideology Defined
Hegemony and Symbolic Domination
Language Ideologies: Bridging the Linguistic and the Social
The Consequences of Language Ideologies: Power, Politics and Policy
The Standard Language Ideology
The One Nation–One Language Ideology
Normative Monolingualism and the Zero-sum Ideology
Monoglossic and Heteroglossic Ideologies
Language Commodification and Instrumentality
Differential Bilingualism
The Relative Worth of English and Spanish
Spanish as Essential to Latinx Identity versus Language as a Choice
Conclusions and Connections
Discussion Questions and Activities for Chapter 4
Further Reading and Resources
Chapter 5Race, Racialization and Latinx Ethnoracial Identity
Objectives
Introduction
Race as a Social Construct
Racialization
The Racialization of Spanish
Variability in the Construction of Race
Race versus Ethnicity
Race in Latin America
Comparing Constructions of Race in Latin America and the US
Migration and Racial Identities
The Ethnoracial Identity of Latinxs in the US Census and Beyond
Conclusions and Connections
Discussion Questions and Activities for Chapter 5
Further Reading and Resources
Chapter 6Language and Identity
Objectives
Introduction
Identities
The Linguistic Construction of Social Identities
Indexicality and Identity
Multilingual Practices and Identity
Multiple and Intersectional Identities
Mock Spanish
Conclusions and Connections
Discussion Questions and Activities for Chapter 6
Further Reading and Resources
Chapter 7Spanish and Spanish-speakers in US Media
Objectives
Introduction
Stereotypical Portrayals of Latinxs
Latinxs and Spanish-speakers in English Language Media
Latinxs in English Language News
Representing Latinx Language Use: Monolingual Norms and Deviant Behavior
Constructing the Latinx Audience: Spanish Language Media and Beyond
Spanish in Linguistic Landscapes
Conclusions and Connections
Discussion Questions and Activities for Chapter 7
Further Reading and Resources
Chapter 8Language Policy and Spanish in the US
Objectives
Introduction
Language Planning and Policy
Orientations to Language in Planning and Policy
Historical Perspectives on Language Policy in the US
Language and Civil Rights in the US
Official English
Language Policy in Puerto Rico
Conclusions and Connections
Discussion Questions and Activities for Chapter 8
Notes
Further Reading and Resources
Chapter 9Spanish in US Schools
Objectives
Introduction
A Short History of Minority Language Schooling in the US
Educating English Language Learners: Program Types
Effectiveness of Bilingual and Dual Language Education Programs
Spanish as a Second or Additional Language
Spanish for Heritage Speakers
Language Ideologies in Education
Critical Pedagogical Approaches to Language Education
Educating Diverse Populations: Beyond Language Differences
Conclusions and Connections
Discussion Questions and Activities for Chapter 9
Further Reading and Resources
Chapter 10Structural Aspects of Speaking Spanish in the US
Objectives
Introduction
Varieties of Spanish in the US
Language Contact Phenomena
Spanglish
Language Contact Phenomena Defined
Convergence? Focus on Pronouns
Contact between Varieties of Spanish
Beyond English and Spanish
Latinx Englishes
Attitudes toward Varieties of Spanish and English
Conclusions and Connections
Discussion Questions and Activities for Chapter 10
Note
Further Reading and Resources
Chapter 11The Future of Spanish in the US
Objectives
Introduction
Demographics, Maintenance and Shift
History and Immigration
Language Ideologies
Race and Ethnicity
Identity
Media
Policy
Education
Linguistic Features
Conclusions and Connections
Discussion Questions and Activities for Chapter 11
Note
Glossary
References
Index
