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PREFACE.

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The very incomplete and inaccurate volume of 1736, and the reprint of it in Chalmers’s English Poets,[1] 1810, have hitherto been the only editions of Skelton accessible to the general reader.

In 1814, the Quarterly Reviewer—after censuring Chalmers for having merely reprinted the volume of 1736, with all its errors, and without the addition of those other pieces by Skelton which were known to be extant—observed, that “an editor who should be competent to the task could[vi] not more worthily employ himself than by giving a good and complete edition of his works.”[2] Prompted by this remark, I commenced the present edition—perhaps with too much self-confidence, and certainly without having duly estimated the difficulties which awaited me. After all the attention which I have given to the writings of Skelton, they still contain corruptions which defy my power of emendation, and passages which I am unable to illustrate; nor is it, therefore, without a feeling of reluctance that I now offer these volumes to the very limited class of readers for whom they are intended. In revising my Notes for press, I struck out a considerable portion of conjectures and explanations which I had originally hazarded, being unwilling to receive from any one that equivocal commendation which Joseph Scaliger bestowed on a literary labourer of old; “Laudo tamen studium tuum; quia in rebus obscuris ut errare necesse est, ita fortuitum non errare.”[3]

Having heard that Ritson had made some collections[vii] for an edition of our author, I requested the use of those papers from his nephew, the late Joseph Frank, Esq., who most obligingly put them into my hands: they proved, however, to be only a transcript of Vox Populi, vox Dei (from the Harleian MS.), and a few memoranda concerning Skelton from very obvious sources.

The individual to whom I have been the most indebted for assistance and encouragement in this undertaking has not survived to receive my acknowledgments; I mean the late Mr. Heber, who not only lent me his whole collection of Skelton’s works, but also took a pleasure in communicating to me from time to time whatever information he supposed might be serviceable. Indeed, without such liberality on the part of Mr. Heber, a complete edition of the poet’s extant writings could not have been produced; for his incomparable library (now unfortunately dispersed) contained some pieces by Skelton, of which copies were not elsewhere to be found.

To Miss Richardson Currer; the Right Hon. Thomas Grenville; the Hon. and Rev. G. N. Grenville, Master of Magdalene College, Cambridge; Sir Harris Nicolas; Sir Francis Palgrave; Rev. Dr. Bandinel; Rev. Dr. Bliss; Rev. John[viii] Mitford; Rev. J. J. Smith of Caius College, Cambridge; Rev. Joseph Hunter; Rev. Joseph Stevenson; W. H. Black, Esq.; Thomas Amyot, Esq.; J. P. Collier, Esq.; Thomas Wright, Esq.; J. O. Halliwell, Esq.; Albert Way, Esq.; and David Laing, Esq.;—I have to return my grateful thanks for the important aid of various kinds which they so readily and courteously afforded me.

ALEXANDER DYCE.

London, Gray’s Inn, Nov. 1st, 1843.

[1] “Mr. A. Chalmers,” says Haslewood, “has since given place [sic] to Skelton’s name among the English poets [vol. ii. p. 227]: and having had an opportunity to compare the original edition [that of Marshe, 1568] with Mr. Chalmers’s volume, I can pronounce the text verbally accurate, although taken from the reprint of 1736.” Brit. Bibliogr. iv. 389. As Haslewood was generally a careful collator, I am greatly surprised at the above assertion: the truth is, that the reprint of 1736 (every word of which I have compared with Marshe’s edition—itself replete with errors) is in not a few places grossly inaccurate.—The said reprint is without the editor’s name; but I have seen a copy of it in which Gifford had written with a pencil, “Edited by J. Bowle, the stupidest of all two-legged animals.”

[2] Q. Rev. xi. 485. The critique in question was written by Mr. Southey—who, let me add, took a kind interest in the progress of the present edition.

[3] Joanni Isacio Pontano—Epist. p. 490. ed. 1627.

The preceding Preface was already in type, when Mr. W. H. Black discovered, among the Public Records, an undoubted poem by Skelton (hitherto unprinted), which I now subjoin.

[ix]

A LAWDE AND PRAYSE MADE FOR OUR SOUEREIGNE LORD THE KYNG.[4]

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Candida, punica, &c.

The Rose both White and Rede

In one Rose now dothe grow;

Thus thorow every stede[5]

Thereof the fame dothe blow:

Grace the sede did sow:

England, now gaddir flowris,

Exclude now all dolowrs.

Nobilis Henricus, &c.

Noble Henry the eight,

Thy loving souereine lorde,

Of kingis line moost streight,

His titille dothe recorde:

In whome dothe wele acorde

Alexis yonge of age,

Adrastus wise and sage.

Sedibus ætheriis, &c.

Astrea, Justice hight,

That from the starry sky

Shall now com and do right,

This hunderd yere scantly

A man kowd not aspy

[x]

That Right dwelt vs among,

And that was the more wrong:

Arcebit vulpes, &c.

Right shall the foxis chare,[6]

The wolvis, the beris also,

That wrowght have moche care,

And browght Englond in wo:

They shall wirry no mo,[7]

Nor wrote[8] the Rosary[9]

By extort trechery:

Ne tanti regis, &c.

Of this our noble king

The law they shall not breke;

They shall com to rekening;

No man for them wil speke:

The pepil durst not creke

Theire grevis to complaine,

They browght them in soche paine:

Ecce Platonis secla, &c.

Therfor no more they shall

The commouns ouerbace,

That wont wer ouer all

Both lorde and knight to face;[10]

For now the yeris of grace

And welthe ar com agayne,

That maketh England faine.[11]

Rediit jam pulcher Adonis, &c.

Adonis of freshe colour,

Of yowthe the godely flour,

Our prince of high honour,

[xi]

Our paves,[12] our succour,

Our king, our emperour,

Our Priamus of Troy,

Our welth, our worldly joy;

Anglorum radians, &c.

Vpon vs he doth reigne,

That makith our hartis glad,

As king moost soueraine

That ever Englond had;

Demure, sober, and sad,[13]

And Martis lusty knight;

God save him in his right!

Amen.

Bien men souient. [14]

Per me laurigerum Britonum Skeltonida vatem.

[4] A lawde and prayse made for our souereigne lord the kyng] Such (in a different handwriting from that of the poem) is the endorsement of the MS., which consists of two leaves, bound up in the volume marked B. 2. 8 (pp. 67–69), among the Records of the Treasury of the Receipt of the Exchequer, now at the Rolls House.—Qy. is this poem the piece which, in the catalogue of his own writings, Skelton calls “The Boke of the Rosiar,” Garlande of Laurell, v. 1178, vol. i. 408?

[5] stede] i.e. place.

[6] chare] i.e. chase, drive away (see Prompt. Parv. i. 70. Camden Soc. ed.).

[7] mo] i.e. more.

[8] wrote] i.e. root.

[9] Rosary] i.e. Rose-bush.

[10] face] See Notes, vol. ii. 216.

[11] faine] i.e. glad.

[12] paves] i.e. shield (properly, a large shield covering the body).

[13] sad] i.e. grave—discreet.

[14] Bien men souient] These words are followed in the MS. by a sort of flourished device, which might perhaps be read—“Deo (21ͦ) gratias.”