Читать книгу Biochemistry For Dummies - John Moore T., Richard Langley H., John T. Moore - Страница 40

The physical properties of biological substances depend on the intermolecular forces present. The general order of strength is:

A few exceptions occur in borderline cases (molecules that are not simple molecular species) and for very large molecules (called macromolecules).

The strongest types of intermolecular forces involve ions. Next strongest is hydrogen bonding. Polar substances interact through dipole-dipole forces, which are weaker than hydrogen bonds. All biological substances containing oxygen, nitrogen, sulfur, or phosphorus are polar. London forces, the weakest intermolecular forces, are important in nonpolar situations. The hydrocarbon portion of biological molecules is nonpolar.