Читать книгу Spatial Regression Models for the Social Sciences - Jun Zhu - Страница 22
Descriptions of Images and Figures
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The figure shows a detailed map of the state of Wisconsin in the United States.
The state is surrounded by Illinois in the south, the Mississippi River in the southwest with Iowa beyond that, Minnesota in the northwest, Lake Superior in the north, Michigan in the northeast, and Lake Michigan in the east. The state is divided into 72 counties.
The urban areas include the following counties:
Milwaukee County
Dane County
Waukesha County
Kenosha County
Brown County
Marathon County
Eau Claire County
Dane County
La Cross County
Rock County
Sheboygan County
Outagamie County
Winnebago County
In the map:
Urbanized areas are marked in dark gray
County boundaries are in bold outline
MCD boundaries are lighter
The scale on the map ranges from 0 to 80 miles, with the numbers 20 and 40 also marked out.
The compass rose indicates north is toward the top of the page.
The data is attributed to National Atlas of the United States and US Census Bureau on the map.
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The graph in the figure has a vertical axis denoting population numbers from 1 million to 6 million in increments of 1 million and a horizontal axis that represents period in years from 1840 to 2010.
An upward sloping line shows the growth in Wisconsin’s population since 1840. The curve is sharply upward sloping, reaching 2 million in 1900, 3 million in 1930, 4 million in 1960, and 5 million in 1990.
A note below the graph mentions that the source of the information are the Decennial censuses, U.S. Census Bureau.
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The figure is a map of Wisconsin that shows the classification of rural, suburban, and urban Minor Civil Division (MCDs) in Wisconsin. 18 counties are shown as suburban MCDs; around 15 clusters of urban MCDs exist, and the remaining are classified as rural.
The legend below the map states dark areas are urban, paler areas are suburban, and the palest are rural.
The compass rose indicates north is toward the top of the page.
The map scale ranges from 0 to 80 miles with 20 and 40 miles also shown and 0 to 120 kilometers with 30 and 60 kilometers also shown.
The source of the map is attributed to Chi (2012).
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The figure consists of 4 maps of Wisconsin that show population change at the MCD level in 1970–1980, 1980–1990, 1990–2000, and 2000–2010.
The first graph is for the period 1970–1980, when there was high population growth in several areas indicated by dark patches across the map.
The second graph is for the period 1980–1990, when most areas showed a large decline in population growth rates across the state.
The third graph is for the 1990–2000 period, when the population once again showed significant patches of growth in some areas.
The last graph depicts the 2000–2010 period, when there is growth in the population in certain areas only while others show signs of depopulation.
The legend below the graphs specify the population growth percentage;
Black shading means 128 percent to 15 percent
Dark gray signifies 15 percent to 0 percent
Light gray indicates 0 percent to minus 10 percent
White shows minus 10 percent to minus 84 percent
The scale notes distance as 0 to 80 miles where 40 miles is also indicated or 0 to 120 kilometers where 60 kilometers is also shown.