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INTRODUCTION

The diverse nature of its landforms makes Kent a wonderland to explore on foot, and with more than 4200 miles/6876km of footpaths, bridleways and byways criss-crossing the county, the walker is spoilt for choice. Every natural feature has its own particular charm, and every season its own brand of beauty.

Sunburst on a misty walk adds a touch of magic

The North Downs

The chalk ridge of the North Downs stretches right across the county in an extensive arc reaching from Westerham to Dover. Covering almost a quarter of the county, the Kent Downs region was designated an Area of Outstanding Natural Beauty in 1968. Though one side of the ridge slopes gently to the Thames and Medway estuaries, or off to the Swale or low-lying Thanet, its ‘front’ makes an abrupt, steeply pitched wall that acts as a natural boundary to the Weald. Far-reaching vistas from the scarp edge provide a bonus to explorations, while secluded hamlets nestle in folds of the back-country to underline their apparent isolation. The chalk being overlaid in places with clay and flint makes this a fertile land, and in both the back-country and on the broad downland crest, large arable fields and sheep-grazed meadows act as springboards from which larks rise singing. Step lightly as you explore, for deer may be seen straying from cover; there are fox-runs and badger trails, and wildflowers that adorn meadow and woodland alike – especially the orchids and cowslips that are so characteristic of the Downs.

In early summer wildflowers bring colour to the meadows

For the long-distance walker, the North Downs Way keeps mostly to the scarp edge on its 130-mile/208km journey from Farnham in Surrey to Dover, with an alternative section that breaks away near Wye to visit Canterbury before curving round to the coast. The Pilgrims Way, however, traces a route along the base of the Downs, but as this is tarmac road for most of the way, it’s lost much of its appeal for walkers. Not so the broad crest, the scarp edge and the inner valleys where abundant opportunities exist for walks of varying lengths; delightful half-day rambles or full-day walks, some of which can be found in this book – from Lullingstone, Shoreham, Camer Country Park, Stansted and Trosley and Wye.

The greensand hills

The greensand hills act as an inner lining to the North Downs. But the ridge which shadows that downland wall is much narrower and more clearly defined than its better-known neighbour, and the views arguably even better from its crest. Overlooking the Weald, this ridge also stretches right across the county, entering Kent from Surrey a little south of Westerham, and making a long curve towards Hythe and the edge of Romney Marsh. Unlike the chalk downs, the greensand hills are, as their name suggests, sandy in places – although this is not evident everywhere. The vegetation is different, with bracken-covered heaths, stands of pine and birch and many handsome beechwoods. The hurricane winds of October 1987 flattened vast areas of woodland, but time has served to heal the landscape and, following programmes of replanting, large wooded sections have recovered well. One of the legacies of that hurricane is the welcome spread of bluebells, wood anemones and wood sorrel, so walking along the greensand hills in springtime can be truly spectacular.

A number of walks along the greensand hills go through orchards

While the North Downs wall is accompanied for much of its length by major roads, the ridge of greensand has been spared such company, and rewards with some of the finest, and most extensive uncluttered views, not only in Kent, but in all of southern England. With so many great vantage points to exploit, walks along the greensand hills count among the best of all. Westerham, Crockham Hill, Toys Hill, Ide Hill, Sevenoaks Weald, Shipbourne; all these give memorable days out. But so do Yalding and Linton, where the south-facing slopes are hung with orchards; and Ulcombe and Pluckley from whose footpaths you gaze across great open spaces. For the long-distance walker the Greensand Way traces a route along the ridge for 110 miles/177km between Haslemere in Surrey and Hamstreet, south of Ashford, and is a very fine route indeed. Recognising this, a few sections of that long trail are adopted by circular walks described in this book.

The Weald

In common with the North Downs and greensand hills, the Weald is not confined to Kent, but spreads beyond the county’s boundary into Surrey and Sussex. This vast region is contained by the North and South Downs and consists of a complex series of fertile hills and vales, among which are to be found the fields of soft fruit, the platts of cobnuts, the orchards, vineyards and hop farms that gave Kent the epithet the ‘Garden of England’. But there are also large areas of meadowland and extensive woods; and in Wealden hollows hammer ponds, now a haven of peace and tranquillity, recall a time when they were at the heart of England’s ‘black country’ as local iron ore was smelted then hammered into cannon. Centuries later heron stalk the margins of these ponds, whose outlet streams flow between banks bright with wildflowers. Fine houses built by the iron masters remain largely tucked away, but some are seen from walks included here. Elsewhere, several of Kent’s loveliest villages punctuate the Wealden landscape, their sturdy churches beckoning across the acres, their streets lined with black-and-white half-timbered houses and pubs.

Kent has more than 20,000 historic buildings

The Wealdway makes a roughly north–south crossing of 82 miles/131km from Gravesend on the Thames to Beachy Head and Eastbourne in Sussex; and the High Weald Walk follows nearly 28 miles/45km of footpaths on a circuit near Tunbridge Wells. However, within this collection of walks, those that begin in the far west of the county at Four Elms, Marsh Green, Cowden, Chiddingstone, Penshurst and Groombridge are full of variety, while routes that explore the Weald’s rolling hills around Brenchley and Tenterden are no less rewarding.

Coastline

Kent’s long coastline is forever changing. While the tides chew away at the coastal fringe in some places, in others land is reclaimed from the sea. Nothing illustrates this changing shape of the county more vividly than a walk along the Saxon Shore Way, from Gravesend to Hastings in Sussex. When the Romans arrived here they found a very different coastline from that which we would recognise today, for although some of it has disappeared beneath the waves, elsewhere we now walk on one-time sea-cliffs several miles inland!

St Margaret’s Bay, seen from the path leading back to Langdon Cliffs (Walk 40)

Separating the Isle of Sheppey from mainland Kent, the Swale is edged on both shores with mudflat and marshland loud with wildfowl, while the River Wantsum (which until the Middle Ages was as wide as the Swale and, linked with the Stour, helped make Thanet an island) is now a minor stream, beside which ploughs turn the soil where ships once sailed. The White Cliffs of Dover remain white because they’re crumbling; were they not they’d be green like the band of grassed-over cliffs at Stone-in-Oxney. Stone, of course, is now marooned from the sea by the expanse of Romney Marsh, but look at the map and allow imagination to roll back the centuries, and you’ll see how things once were. Some of the walks in this book can bring history alive if you understand the clues, and those that follow the coastline as it is now – near Leysdown on Sheppey, for example, or routes near Newington, Faversham, Sandwich and Dover – illustrate the diverse nature of coastal scenery. The walk on Chislet Marshes from St Nicholas at Wade, and that which includes Appledore and Stone-in-Oxney, take footpaths where a few centuries ago it would have been necessary to travel by boat.

Rivers

In summer, river craft are a feature of any walk beside the Medway (Walk 19)

Of Kent’s rivers, the Medway is perhaps the best known. Dividing the county in two, it was once renowned for separating Kentish Men from the Men of Kent – the former were born west of the river, with Men of Kent to the east – but few bother with that distinction today. Rising among the hills of Sussex, the Medway draws from many sources, and by the time it reaches Tonbridge is substantial enough to be navigable by barge. Plans to extend the navigation as far as Penshurst failed, yet today there are no less than 10 navigational locks and flood control sluices between Leigh and Allington. A towpath accompanies the river from Tonbridge to Maidstone, giving a delightful 16-mile/25km walk. A continuation as far as Rochester (not towpath but on paths that are either on the riverbank or not far from it) adds another 12 miles/19km to what is known as the Medway Valley Walk. In this present collection of walks, that which starts from Teston Bridge enjoys one of the best sections along the Medway’s valley.

While the Medway divides the county into west and east, that other long river, the Stour, makes a writhing journey from its source near Lenham to the sea at Pegwell Bay, via Ashford, Canterbury and Sandwich. This too is a delightful river, but its character is quite different from that of the Medway’s. Meandering through downland, woodland, orchards and hop gardens, it almost loses its identity on entering Canterbury. But that identity is regained outside the city walls, and just beyond Fordwich (which lays claim to being Britain’s smallest town) it snakes among lakes, dykes, and a magical marshland nature reserve. One walk suggested from Stodmarsh unravels some of the mystery of this utterly charming district, while the Stour Valley Walk journeys for a little over 51 miles/82km from source to sea. The Stour and the Medway are both rivers of character, but the little Nail Bourne stream is sometimes dry for months – or even years – at a time. However, the valley it drains is a delight of small villages linked by the 22½ miles/36km of the Elham Valley Way, sampled here on walks from Bridge and Elham itself.

When to go

Walking is a year-round activity, and need not be confined to the dry summer months, for there is as much beauty to be found in the countryside in the leafless months of winter as in vibrant spring and the golden days of autumn. As long as you’re properly attired, the weather is rarely so extreme as to keep the true country lover indoors, and some of our most enjoyable days spent researching the walks for this book took place in frost, wind and rain.

In springtime Mariners Hill is a carpet of bluebells (Walk 4)

What to take

Choose clothing and footwear suitable for the season, bearing in mind the changeable nature of Britain’s weather. No specialised equipment will be required for tackling these walks, but comfortable footwear is important. While shorts may be suitable for summer walking on most of these routes, do bear in mind that brambles and nettles often stray across infrequently used paths. Carry a pair of overtrousers (preferably with a generous zipped ankle-gusset to enable you to pull them on and off without first removing boots) to protect your legs from the discomfort of walking through high or wet vegetation. Whether trekking in the Alps, high Himalaya or the Kent countryside, I recommend a lightweight, collapsible umbrella for those times when you’re caught out by the rain. Not only will it keep you dry, it can help protect the top of your rucksack from getting wet, and will be indispensable for walkers who wear glasses.

It’s worth carrying a few plasters in case of blisters, or the odd scratch or two, and whether or not you plan to buy refreshment should a pub or café be on the route, I’d advise taking a flask of drink and a few nibbles in case your energy wanes.

An Ordnance Survey map will be needed in the unlikely event of your becoming lost, and it will also give a broader picture of the countryside you’re walking through than will be gained from the OS extracts provided within these pages. Details of specific 1:25,000 sheets which show more detail are given at the head of each walk description. A note of refreshment facilities to be found en route is also given. Most of these will be at country pubs, although I’m at pains to stress that I have no personal experience of any of those mentioned, so no endorsement of services provided is intended. (Truth is, I’d rather lounge beneath a tree with a view and chew on an apple, than sit in a pub with a pint and a snack.) But should you plan to call at a wayside pub or café, please be considerate if your footwear is wet or muddy, and either remove your boots or cover them with plastic bags.

One would assume that anyone choosing to go for a walk would be a lover of the countryside and treat it with respect. Sadly, litter can still be found in places where only the walker is likely to go. It is not only unsightly, but can cause injury to wildlife and farm animals. So please be scrupulous and leave no litter, but instead help make the countryside even more attractive by removing any rubbish you find. A plastic bag is useful for packing it away. Maybe then walkers will put to shame those few farmers who discard fertiliser bags that become snagged in hedgerow and ditch, or who leave items of once-expensive machinery to rust in a field.

Chilham is one of Kent’s most attractive villages (Walk 34)

Footpaths

Please remember that most footpaths cross private land – be that farmland or historic estate. But a public right of way is just that; it forms part of the Queen’s highway and is subject to the same protection in law as other highways. However, footpaths may not always be clearly evident on the ground, in which case I trust directions in this guidebook will enable you to follow the correct route without difficulty. Where paths lead through growing crops, please walk in single file to avoid damaging that crop or trespassing. Treat fields of grass as you would those of ripening wheat, and always use stiles or gates where provided to cross hedges, walls and fences, and after use refasten any gates found closed.

Take extra care when crossing or walking along country lanes. Keep to the right-hand side to face oncoming traffic, and walk in single file. Use a grass verge wherever possible.

Crops and animals are a farmer’s livelihood and should be left undisturbed. Sheep and cattle will be found grazing on a number of these walks, so please keep dogs under control at all times. Farmers have a right to shoot any dogs found worrying livestock.

Using this guide

For the purposes of this book, Kent has been divided into two sections – West Kent and the Weald, and North and East Kent – with the M20 corridor effectively carrying the line of division (see the Overview Map).

Maps

Within the main body of this guide, sections of the Ordnance Survey map relevant to each walk described are taken from the 1:50,000 series (1in = 1 mile), which should be adequate to provide an overview of the route. However, greater detail and a wider perspective may be gained from consultation with the Explorer series of maps published at a scale of 1:25,000 (2½in = 1 mile). The recommended sheet for each walk is noted in the panel at the head of that walk’s description.

Every season has its beauty, but there’s nothing to match a Kentish beechwood in the autumn (Photo: Linda Reynolds)

Times and distances

Distances quoted in the text, although taken directly from the OS map, are approximations only, but should be reasonably accurate. Please note that heights quoted on OS maps are given in metres, rather than in feet, and that grid lines are spaced 1km apart. The text in this book, however, gives both imperial and metric measurements.

Reckon on walking about 2–2½ miles/3–4km per hour, without prolonged stops, but bear in mind that your pace will be slower after wet weather when conditions may be heavy under foot. Allow extra time when accompanied by children or inexperienced walkers – or, indeed, when walking in a group.

You can find a range of walks, including those designated ‘easy access’, using the ‘Find a walk’ facility on the County Council’s website at www.explorekent.org/walking.

Public transport and car parking

It is not practical to give details of all bus and train services in Kent, since they may change within the period this guidebook is in print. However, an indication of some routes is provided in the information panel at the head of specific walk details.

For rail information, including times and fares, either enquire at your local railway station, telephone National Rail Enquiries on 08457 484950, or look on the internet – www.nationalrail.co.uk.

For bus services, call Travel-line 0870 608 2608.

If you must use your own transport and are in doubt how to find the start of a walk by road, head to www.google.co.uk/maps and enter your current location and the name of the town or village where the walk begins. A map and written instructions of your journey will appear, which can be printed off, or used as a satnav on the journey if you have a smartphone.

At the head of each walk description in this book, the location and grid reference of a parking facility (where known) is given. However, where there is no official parking area, please park sensibly and with consideration for local residents, and leave access for farm vehicles and so on. If parking near a church, please avoid service times. Do not leave any valuables in your vehicle, and be sure to lock your car before setting out on your walk.

On the lane to Crockham Hill the walk passes the lovely garden at Close Farm (Walk 4)

THE COUNTRY CODE

Respect other people:

 consider the local community and other people enjoying the outdoors

 leave gates and property as you find them and follow paths unless wider access is available

Protect the natural environment:

 leave no trace of your visit and take your litter home

 keep dogs under effective control

Enjoy the outdoors:

 plan ahead and be prepared

 follow advice and local signs

It was Octavia Hill, that indomitable Victorian champion of the countryside and co-founder of the National Trust, whose prescient words sum up the spirit of the Country Code:

Let the grass growing for hay be respected, let the primrose roots be left in their loveliness in the hedges, the birds unmolested and the gates shut. If those who frequented country places would consider those who live there, they would better deserve, and more often retain, the rights and privileges they enjoy.