Читать книгу English Grammar with Kudjo. Понятная и забавная грамматика для детей и взрослых. Part 2 - - Страница 5

We use Present Perfect Continuous to indicate actions and situations that started in the past and are continuing now while Present Perfect Simple shows completed actions.

We have been reading the book since the morning.

(We started and are still doing it)

что делаем? – читаем

We have read this book. (You can borrow it.)

что сделали? – прочитали

Generally, the focus of this tense is on duration while the focus of Present Perfect Simple on the result:

He has been tidying the house for three hours.

He has already tidied the house.

EXERCISE 1

Put the verbs in brackets into the Present Perfect or the Present Perfect Continuous:

1 Kudjo /count/ treats. One is missing.

2 Kudjo /sleep/ since the morning walk.

3 They /build/ a tree-house. There’s a terrible mess around.

4 They /build/ the tree-house and are inviting everybody to visit it.

5 Kudjo /walk/ ten km and he can’t go any further without a rest.

6 Dradjo /babble/ without a stop for 2 hours.

7 How many treats you /eat/ today?

EXERCISE 2

Put the verbs in brackets into the Present Perfect or the Present Perfect Continuous:

1 Dradjo /frolic/ in the garden and /eat/ all the strawberries.

2 They are not hungry. They /eat/ a lot of meat muffins for their breakfast.

3 Kudjo /read/ a lot recently. He /read/ two books this week.

4 Kudjo /clean/ the house and he is exhausted.

5 Kudjo /clean/ the house. Everything is sparkling clean.

6 It /not rain/ all day. Only for ten hours.

7 Dradjo /break/ two cups, three plates and four glasses so far.

Remember that non-continuous verbs (e.g. love, like, want, know, etc.) are not used in Present Perfect Continuous. If you have these verbs in your sentences, you should use Present Perfect instead.

For example,

He has known Kudjo for a year.

EXERCISE 3

Find the proper verb and put it into the correct form of Present Perfect Continuous or Present Perfect Simple: know, have, smell, want, belong, have, taste,

1 How long ***** this house ***** to Kudjo?

2 He ***** the milk for a few minutes. What’s up?

3 The tap water ***** strange since yesterday. Let’s call a plumber.

4 Kudjo ***** this pet for a year. He can’t imagine his life without Dradjo now.

5 They ***** this party since 7 pm. Now it’s midnight.

6 Kudjo ***** to have a pet for a long time.

7 How long ***** they ***** each other?

It’s easy to tell the difference between these tenses if you have signal verbs. Let’s refresh them together: time expressions for Present Perfect Continuous are for, since, how long, recently, lately, while markers for Present Perfect are just, ever, never, always, already, yet, since, so far, once, the first time, etc.

EXERCISE 4

Put correct signal words in the gaps:

for, since, yet, never, just, How long, already,

1 Kudjo has ***** had such a tasty big bone before.

2 They have been playing hide-and-seek ***** the morning.

3 ***** have they been thinking of going to that cave?

4 Dradjo hasn’t finished brushing his teeth *****.

5 They have ***** eaten all the food in the fridge.

6 They have been running in the rain ***** several hours.

7 Kudjo has ***** brought a new toy for Dradjo.

EXERCISE 5

Kudjo is asking Dradjo some questions. Answer these questions using the Present Perfect Continuous or Present Perfect Tenses:

1 How many Doggish words have you learnt so far?

2 Why do you look so sad?

3 Why are your eyes red?

4 Why are you wet?

5 Why are you covered in flour?

6 How long have you been walking today?

7 Why is our house in a terrible mess?

EXERCISE 6

Kudjo is texting a message to Chilly. Put the verbs in brackets into the correct past, present and future tenses:

1 Sorry, I /not be/in touch for ages.

2 So many things /happen/ since I last saw you.

3 I /have/ a pet for a few months and he /live/ with me.

4 I’m sure you /not believe/ me, but my pet is a real dragon!

5 I /find/ his egg in a cave, where I /run/ to shelter from the pouring rain.

6 When he /hatch/ out, he /get/ into the fridge and /eat/ all my food there.

7 Now he /try/ to bake some weird muffins. He /do/ it since the morning and my kitchen /look/ terrible.

EXERCISE 7

Find and correct 7 mistakes in this message:

1 The muffins are smelling fantastic, but everything is covered in flour, butter and jam.

2 I’ve gave him the name Dradjo. Do you like it?

3 He is growing very fast day by day. He has already growed bigger than me!

4 Yesterday I have been walking him in the park when we met those angry stray dogs. When they saw Dradjo, they had rushed away.

5 We’ve thinking of looking for his parents recently.

6 We’re going to search for some traces in the cave, where I had found him.

7 I’ll drop you a line as soon as we come back from our trip.

EXERCISE 8

Choose the correct option:

1 They ***** for the trip for the last two hours.

a are preparing

b prepare

c have been preparing

2 It ***** hard since Monday.

a has been snowing

b is snowing

c has snowed

3 Look! Somebody black ***** to us.

a is running

b has run

c ran

4 Kudjo ***** his backpack when Dradjo ***** into the room with his empty bag.

a packed / walked

b had packed / walked

c packed / had walked

5 Dradjo ***** while Kudjo *****.

a was packing / was sleeping

b was packing /slept

c had packed /slept

6 He ***** his plan to Dradjo.

a has just explained

b had just explained

c has just been explaining

7 Somebody ***** my muffins.There are few left.

a has eaten

b has been eating

c ate

EXERCISE 9

Translate the story:

На рассвете. когда еще весь город спал, Куджо со своим питомцем отправился в путь. Солнце еще только вставало и было прохладно. Они прошли весь парк и подошли к тому месту, где начинался лес. Было уже тепло и они остановились, чтобы перекусить, так как рано утром дома им совсем не хотелось завтракать. Они сидели на берегу озера, жевали бутерброды, которые приготовил Куджо, и молчали. Дракончик думал о своих родителях, которые почему-то его бросили в пещере, а Куджо вспоминал тот день, когда нашел яйцо.

После перекуса они зашагали очень быстро и вскоре очутились в той части леса, где Куджо наткнулся на пещеру. Там было тихо и мрачно. Птицы не пели. Даже деревья не шелестели листьями. Вдруг они увидели пещеру прямо перед собой. Они посмотрели друг на друга, вздохнули и вошли внутрь.