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ВАРИАНТ 4
ОглавлениеРаздел 1. Аудирование
1 Вы услышите 6 высказываний. Установите соответствие между высказываниями каждого говорящего A–F и утверждениями, данными в списке 1–7. Используйте каждое утверждение, обозначенное соответствующей цифрой, только один раз. В задании есть одно лишнее утверждение. Вы услышите запись дважды. Занесите свои ответы в таблицу.
1. You should spend only what you have.
2. Think carefully before buying something.
3. Don’t spend all the money you have earned.
4. Saving money is a useless thing.
5. You can save money by shopping online.
6. Analyzing your expenses is a way to save money.
7. There are many reasons to save money.
Говорящий / Утверждение
A
B
C
D
E
F
2 Вы услышите диалог. Определите, какие из приведённых утверждений А–G соответствуют содержанию текста (1 – True), какие не соответствуют (2 – False) и о чём в тексте не сказано, то есть на основании текста нельзя дать ни положительного, ни отрицательного ответа (3 – Not stated). Занесите номер выбранного Вами варианта ответа в таблицу. Вы услышите запись дважды.
A. Lora’s relative lives in Iona.
B. Most people in Iona are into tourism.
C. Iona has an important religious building.
D. Steve is very good at painting.
E. Lora has taken many pictures of Iona.
F. Lora did a lot of reading while in Iona.
G. There is no accommodation for tourists in Iona.
Утверждение / Соответствие диалогу
A
B
C
D
E
F
G
Вы услышите интервью. В заданиях 3–9 запишите в поле ответа цифру 1, 2 или 3, соответствующую выбранному Вами варианту ответа. Вы услышите запись дважды.
3 The presenter introduces Bob Thomas as …
1) an outdoor lover.
2) a businessman.
3) a fisherman.
Ответ:
4 Bob’s company was founded by …
1) himself.
2) him and his brother.
3) his father.
Ответ:
5 Bob started working on fishing gear …
1) ten years ago.
2) when he was a very young child.
3) when he needed summer money.
Ответ:
6 Bob liked it that his father …
1) spent a lot of time with his children.
2) taught him to fish and hunt.
3) had a successful company.
Ответ:
7 Bob remembers that their family trips to Florida …
1) were very uncomfortable.
2) cost a lot of money.
3) taught him a lot.
Ответ:
8 Bob believes that as a father he …
1) needs to try hard to be like his own dad.
2) shouldn’t follow his father’s example.
3) needs to spend more time with his family.
Ответ:
9 Bob’s “words of wisdom” refer to …
1) his business.
2) nature.
3) family affairs.
Ответ:
По окончании выполнения заданий 1–9 не забудьте перенести свои ответы в БЛАНК ОТВЕТОВ № 1! Запишите ответ справа от номера соответствующего задания, начиная с первой клеточки. При переносе ответов на задания 1 и 2 цифры записываются без пробелов, запятых и других дополнительных символов. Каждую цифру пишите в отдельной клеточке в соответствии с приведёнными в бланке образцами.
Раздел 2. Чтение
10 Установите соответствие между текстами A–G и заголовками 1–8. Занесите свои ответы в таблицу. Используйте каждую цифру только один раз. В задании один заголовок лишний.
1. How did they do it?
2. Comfortable living
3. Designing a building
4. The longest on Earth
5. Building materials
6. Invented by accident
7. Safe travel
8. Why seasons change
A. Most of Africa’s rural peoples use natural resources that are locally available for their homes. In grasslands, people typically use grass to cover the walls and roofs. In forested areas, they use hardwoods as well as bamboo and raffia palm. Earth and clay are also major resources used in construction. In areas with few natural resources, people often live as nomads, moving from place to place. Instead of making permanent homes, they usually use simple shelters or tents made of animal skins and woven hair.
B. An architect must consider how a structure will be used and by whom. An apartment building, a palace, a hospital, a museum, an airport, and a sports arena all have different construction requirements. Another factor is the ideas the structure should communicate. For example, some buildings are made to impress people with a display of power and wealth; others – to make everyone feel welcome. Other things to consider are the location and surrounding environment, including weather, and the cost of materials.
C. Did you know that an eleven-year-old child first created the Popsicle? The boy’s name was Frank Epperson. In 1905, Frank left a mixture of water and powdered soda out on his porch by mistake. It also contained a stir stick. That night, fortunately for Frank, the temperatures fell to a record low. As a result, he discovered the substance had frozen to the stick, and a frozen fruit flavoured ice treat was created. He decided to call it the epsicle, which was later patented by him and named as Popsicle.
D. As Earth goes around the sun, the North Pole points to the same direction in space. For about six months every year, the North Pole is tilted towards the sun. During this time, the Northern Hemisphere gets more direct sunlight than the Southern Hemisphere and more hours of daylight. During the other six months, the North Pole is tilted away from the sun. When the Northern Hemisphere gets the most sunlight, it experiences spring and summer. At the same time, the Southern Hemisphere gets autumn and winter.
E. In southern Peru, there is an isolated plateau where the wind almost never blows. Here, around the year 400 to 650 AD, the people of the Nazca culture created the famous Nazca lines, by removing the red stones covering the ground so that the white earth beneath was visible. These Nazca lines are actually portraits of animals such as monkeys, birds or fish. It is a mystery how such a primitive civilization could create such artwork with precision when they had no means of viewing their work from the air.
F. Antarctica, which is the southernmost and fifth largest continent, does not have twenty-four-hour periods divided into days and nights. In the South Pole, the sun rises on about September 21 and moves in a circular path until it sets on about March 22. This “day”, or summer, is six months long. During this period, if the weather conditions are good, the sun can be seen twenty-four hours a day. From March 22 until September 21, the South Pole is dark, and Antarctica has its “night”, or winter.
G. Any ship that hits an iceberg can be damaged. The most famous iceberg in history sank the “Titanic”, a ship travelling in the northern Atlantic Ocean, on April 15, 1912. The ship’s side scraped the iceberg, which tore holes in the hull. Within three hours, the ship was at the bottom of the ocean. After the loss of the “Titanic”, several nations worked together to establish the International Ice Patrol. Today the U.S. Coast Guard runs the patrol, which warns ships about icebergs floating in Atlantic shipping routes.
Ответ:
A
B
C
D
E
F
G
11 Прочитайте текст и заполните пропуски A–F частями предложений, обозначенными цифрами 1–7. Одна из частей в списке 1–7 лишняя. Занесите цифры, обозначающие соответствующие части предложений, в таблицу.
Santa Claus
The man we know as Santa Claus has a history all to his own. Today, he is thought of mainly as the jolly man in red, but his story A____________________ the 3rd century to a monk named St. Nicholas. It is believed that Nicholas was born sometime around 280 AD in modern-day Turkey. Much admired for his kindness, St. Nicholas B____________________. It is said that he gave away all of his inherited wealth and traveled the countryside helping the poor and sick. Over the course of many years, Nicholas’s popularity spread and he became known as the protector of children and sailors. His feast day C____________________ his death, December 6. This was traditionally considered a lucky day to make large purchases or to get married. By the Renaissance, St. Nicholas was the most popular saint in Europe.
St. Nicholas first D____________________ at the end of the 18th century. The name Santa Claus evolved from a Dutch shortened form of Sint Nikolaas. As his popularity grew, Sinter Klaas was described as everything from a jocker with a blue three-cornered hat, red waistcoat, and yellow stockings to a man wearing a broad-brimmed hat and a huge pair of Flemish trousers.
In the 19th centuries big stores E____________________ using images of the newly-popular Santa Claus. In 1841, thousands of children visited a Philadelphia shop to see a life-size Santa Claus model. It F____________________ before stores began to attract children, and their parents, with the lure of a peek at the “real-life” Santa Claus with his famous white beard and red gown.
1. was only a matter of time
2. stretches all the way back to
3. is celebrated on the anniversary of
4. became the subject of many legends
5. appeared in American popular culture
6. began dressing up unemployed men in
7. began to advertise Christmas shopping
Ответ:
A
B
C
D
E
F
Прочитайте текст и выполните задания 12–18. В каждом задании запишите в поле ответа цифру 1, 2, 3 или 4, соответствующую выбранному Вами варианту ответа.
Challenges for foreigners in Russia
If you are moving from an English-speaking country to another, some of the problems of the new location will be minimized, but moving to a foreign language country is probably one of the hardest things to do. You will probably experience culture shock and will definitely have your ups and downs. Here’s a list of challenges you can expect to run into while you adjust to Russia.
Language, of course, is a no-brainer, but I couldn’t leave it off the list! I strongly advise learning at least the alphabet before coming to Russia to avoid feeling completely isolated. While going anywhere where you don’t speak the language can knock you down for a while, Russian is especially difficult with its complex grammar structure (cases, verb aspect, prefixes), unpredictable word stress, and difficult pronunciation (the letters ы, ь, and й always get me) … which also means your successes will be especially triumphant!
Effective communication is an essential part of our lives that we often overlook when it comes so naturally, but the first time you can’t answer a cashier’s simple question or can’t properly vent to your host family about your day, you will never underestimate the power of words again.
The second challenge is expressing emotions. Most people are familiar with the stereotype that “Russians don’t smile”. From my observation, Russians tend to show little emotion outside of home. Surrounded by strangers, often in harsh or unpleasant weather, there is no reason to emote freely. Of course, you see friends laughing and couples kissing and people arguing, but for the most part (excluding driving), emotions stay on the inside. Until you get home, when Russians are comfortable and around people they trust, passions run strong.
In the United States, the expression of our emotions tends to vary little in different circumstances, but when expressed, Russian emotions can be even stronger and perhaps even more genuine and heartfelt than Americans are used to.
In addition, if you are a foreign student in Russia, the biggest challenge is a different education system. Russian higher education is very different from that in the United States. For the most part, universities are buildings scattered throughout a city, not the centralized micro-cities that many US students are used to. Russians generally take 9–11 classes per semester that meet less frequently than American courses would, and it is not uncommon to skip a class almost entirely and just cram for the final from other students’ notes or a study guide. Professors are also less available –no office hours, they don’t always give out a school e-mail address, and in general they treat students more like colleagues.
It can be a shock going from a campus plastered with student event flyers to a cluster of half-empty academic buildings, but don’t worry – Russians make up for it by hosting a plethora of clubs and organizations for the city in general. Especially in St. Petersburg and Moscow there are hundreds of clubs to join from language (be a star in the English conversation club; meet other foreigners in the Russian club), sports, acting, dancing, singing, board games, movie-watching, and more! Try making some searches on the Russian social network V Kontakte to start out.
Going abroad for a long period of time has its difficulties no matter where you choose to go, but the better prepared you are for the challenges you’ll face in Russia, the faster you will adjust and be able to call this northern empire your second home.
12 What are people sure to experience when coming to stay in a different country, according to the author?
1) Both good and bad emotions.
2) Language barrier.
3) Confusion.
4) Loneliness.
Ответ:
13 The author believes that going to a foreign country without knowing its language is …
1) hard.
2) useful.
3) stupid.
4) common.
Ответ:
14 It is implied that your communication skills are … when you live abroad.
1) improved naturally
2) challenged
3) more effective
4) often ignored
Ответ:
15 According to the author, expressing emotions in the Russian culture …
1) is untypical of many people.
2) differs depending on circumstances.
3) is forbidden in public places.
4) is similar to the American culture.
Ответ:
16 The author thinks that compared to the USA, in Russian universities …
1) final exams are more difficult.
2) education process is more centralized.
3) teachers are more professional.
4) students could disregard some classes.
Ответ:
17 “It” in “… Russians make up for it by hosting …” (paragraph 7) refers to the …
1) variety of student clubs.
2) social networking.
3) student activities.
4) quality of academic buildings.
Ответ:
18 What is the main idea expressed in the last paragraph?
1) The adaptation period to a foreign culture depends on an individual.
2) Living in Russia for a long time is rather challenging for foreigners.
3) The longer you stay abroad, the better prepared you become.
4) Preparation can smooth your adaptation period in Russia.
Ответ:
По окончании выполнения заданий 10–18 не забудьте перенести свои ответы в БЛАНК ОТВЕТОВ № 1! Запишите ответ справа от номера соответствующего задания, начиная с первой клеточки. При переносе ответов на задания 10 и 11 цифры записываются без пробелов, запятых и других дополнительных символов. Каждую цифру пишите в отдельной клеточке в соответствии с приведёнными в бланке образцами.
Раздел 3. Грамматика и лексика
Прочитайте приведённые ниже тексты. Преобразуйте, если необходимо, слова, напечатанные заглавными буквами в конце строк, обозначенных номерами 19–24, так, чтобы они грамматически соответствовали содержанию текстов. Заполните пропуски полученными словами. Каждый пропуск соответствует отдельному заданию из группы 19–24.
A cleaning wand
19 A cleaning wand is a totally new invention. It features the advanced UV-C technology that helps to kill bacteria and germs. It’s the __________________ ever cleaning device you can literally take anywhere.
ONE
20 The __________________ thing about it is that it can clean anything.
GOOD
21 There’s no doubt that __________________ are going to like this invention very much.
WOMAN
Robert Heinlein
22 Robert A. Heinlein was a US science fiction author. He was among those writers who emphasized scientific accuracy in their fiction. He also __________________ it was necessary to challenge the readers.
THINK
23 He pointed out it was necessary to develop __________________ critical thinking.
THEY
24 He pointed out that any science fiction book __________________ a success if the author followed these two important principles.
BE
Прочитайте приведённый ниже текст. Образуйте от слов, напечатанных заглавными буквами в конце строк, обозначенных номерами 25–29, однокоренные слова так, чтобы они грамматически и лексически соответствовали содержанию текста. Заполните пропуски полученными словами. Каждый пропуск соответствует отдельному заданию из группы 25–29.
Anatoly Karpov
25 Anatoly Karpov is a Russian chess grandmaster. He is considered to be one of the greatest __________________ of all time.
PLAY
26 Karpov started playing chess when he was only four. Recognizing his talent, Karpov’s parents did everything possible to help him master this __________________ game.
EXCITE
27 Karpov quickly became the national master and went on to receive the title of a grandmaster at the age of 19. It may sound __________________ but Karpov successfully combined playing chess with being an excellent student.
POSSIBLE
28 He proceeded to win a series of __________________ tournaments, becoming the official world champion in 1975. His reign as the world champion came to an end only when he was defeated by Garry Kasparov in 1985.
NATIONAL
29 The two men then had many more matches at various __________________, proving to be equally good chess masters. Karpov is now actively involved in humanitarian activities.
CHAMPION
Прочитайте текст с пропусками, обозначенными номерами 30–36. Эти номера соответствуют заданиям 30–36, в которых представлены возможные варианты ответов. Запишите в поле ответа цифру 1, 2, 3 или 4, соответствующую выбранному Вами варианту ответа.
At the office
Max White tapped on Paul’s office door at 15.00. He walked in without 30 ______ for a response. Paul looked up from the papers on his desk and said, “Sit down, Max. Please 31 ______ me everything you know.”
It was Tuesday, the eighth of July; the day before, the rumors had been rampant throughout the company that more of the top executives were going to be sacked on the explicit orders of Brent Horn. 32 ______, nobody knew who would be terminated. So most of the people were 33 ______ about losing their jobs. An atmosphere of fear reigned in the company for the first time in over thirty years, and there was gloom on every floor of the building.
Max had all the information, as he had just told Paul on the phone; now he leaned closer and confided, “I understand George Sanford was given his walking orders late on Friday afternoon. And this week we’ll see the 34 ______ of Jim Cooper and John Turner, two good men.” It was terrible news. They had been with the company about as long as Paul had. They were among Brent Horn’s big supporters when he was trying to get the company back from the DeWitts. They were much 35 ______ by everyone. Paul couldn’t 36 ______ of their dismissal. He was truly shocked, and it showed. The company had changed the moment Brent Horn had taken control, and it genially concerned him.
30
1) expecting
2) waiting
3) demanding
4) requiring
Ответ:
31
1) say
2) speak
3) talk
4) tell
Ответ:
32
1) However
2) Although
3) Therefore
4) Moreover
Ответ:
33
1) bothered
2) annoyed
3) worried
4) troubled
Ответ:
34
1) destruction
2) demonstration
3) departure
4) determination
Ответ:
35
1) recognized
2) respected
3) regarded
4) remained
Ответ:
36
1) admire
2) accept
3) appreciate
4) approve
Ответ:
По окончании выполнения заданий 19–36 не забудьте перенести свои ответы в БЛАНК ОТВЕТОВ № 1! Запишите ответ справа от номера соответствующего задания, начиная с первой клеточки. При переносе ответов на задания 19–29 буквы записываются без пробелов, запятых и других дополнительных символов. Каждую букву или цифру пишите в отдельной клеточке в соответствии с приведёнными в бланке образцами.
Проверьте, чтобы каждый ответ был записан рядом с номером соответствующего задания.
Раздел 4. Письменная речь
Для ответов на задания 37 и 38 используйте бланк ответов № 2. Черновые пометки можно делать прямо на листе с заданиями или использовать отдельный черновик. При выполнении заданий 37 и 38 особое внимание обратите на то, что Ваши ответы будут оцениваться только по записям, сделанным в БЛАНКЕ ОТВЕТОВ № 2. Обратите внимание также на необходимость соблюдения указанного объёма текста. Тексты недостаточного объёма, а также часть текста, превышающая требуемый объём, не оцениваются. Соблюдайте нормы письменной речи, записывайте ответы аккуратно и разборчиво.
Укажите номер задания 37 в БЛАНКЕ ОТВЕТОВ № 2 и напишите текст своего ответного электронного письма зарубежному другу по переписке.
37 You have received an email message from your English-speaking pen-friend Jerry:
From: Jerry@mail.uk
To: Russian_friend@ege.ru
Subject: Weather
…This year the weather in winter was unusually cold. What about the weather in your region this winter? What do you do when it is snowing heavily? What is your favourite season, why?…
I’ve just returned from a trip to London…
Write an email to Jerry.
In your message:
– answer his questions;
– ask 3 questions about his trip to London.
Write 100–140 words.
Remember the rules of email writing.
Выберите только ОДНО из двух предложенных заданий (38.1 или 38.2), укажите его номер в БЛАНКЕ ОТВЕТОВ № 2 и выполните согласно данному плану. В ответе на задание 38 числительные пишите цифрами.
38.1 Imagine that you are doing a project on how people stay healthy in Zetland. You have found some data on the subject – the results of the opinion polls (see the table below).
Comment on the data in the table and give your opinion on the subject of the project.
Write 200–250 words.
Use the following plan:
– make an opening statement on the subject of the project;
– select and report 2–3 facts;
– make 1–2 comparisons where relevant and give your comments;
– outline a problem that can arise with some approaches to staying healthy and suggest a way of solving it;
– conclude by giving and explaining your opinion on the importance of staying healthy.
38.2 Imagine that you are doing a project on why people should study geography in Zetland. You have found some data on the subject – the results of the opinion polls (see the pie chart below).
Comment on the data in the pie chart and give your opinion on the subject of the project.
Write 200–250 words.
Use the following plan:
– make an opening statement on the subject of the project;
– select and report 2–3 facts;
– make 1–2 comparisons where relevant and give your comments;
– outline a problem that can arise with learning geography and suggest a way of solving it;
– conclude by giving and explaining your opinion on the importance of studying geography in our life.
Проверьте, чтобы каждый ответ был записан рядом с номером соответствующего задания.
