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3.1. The Main International Treaties which the Russian Federation is a party to

According to the Constitution of the Russian Federation, the generally recognized principles and norms of international law, and the international treaties of the Russian Federation, are a component of its legal system. If an international treaty of the Russian Federation establishes other rules than those envisaged by law, the rules of the international treaty shall be applied (part 4 of Article 15).

The provisions of officially published international treaties of the Russian Federation, which do not require a publication of interstate acts for application thereof, operate directly in the Russian Federation (part 3 of Article 5 of FL on International Treaties). In the case of an absence of an appropriate norm of national legislation, it is permissible to directly refer to such an international treaty for the purposes of justifying one’s position. For the implementation of other provisions of international treaties of the Russian Federation, relevant legal acts are being adopted. Additionally, in some cases, the international treaties of the Russian Federation are subject to ratification (Article 15 of FL on International Treaties). Ratification is a procedure by which the international treaty acquires a legal force in Russia and becomes obligatory for all. Ratification is carried out by the federal law.

3.2. The Acts of the Customs Union

Russia is a member of the Eurasian Economic Union.[18] Within the EEU, the Customs Union (hereinafter – CU) functions, which includes bodies that carry out the uniform customs regulation in all participating countries of the CU. The fundamental act of the CU is the Customs Code of the CU.

18

Besides Russia, as of today it also includes Belarus, Kazakhsatan, Armenia and Kyrgyzstan.