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This chapter explores marine sediments using core photos and authentic datasets in an inquiry‐based approach. Your prior knowledge on seafloor sediments is explored in Part 2.1. In Part 2.2, you will observe and describe the physical characteristics of sediment cores. In Part 2.3, you will use composition and texture data from smear slide samples taken from the cores to determine the lithologic names of the marine sediments. In Part 2.4, you will make a map showing the distribution of the primary sediment lithologies of the Pacific and North Atlantic Oceans and develop hypotheses to explain the distribution of the lithologies shown on your map.

Learning Objectives

After completing this chapter, you should be able to:

1 Describe the physical characteristics of sediment cores (Figure 2.1).

2 Identify major sediment components and their origin.

3 Use composition and texture data from smear slide samples to determine the lithologic names of the marine sediments.

4 Make a map showing the distribution of the primary modern sediment lithologies of the Pacific and North Atlantic Oceans.

5 Explain the distribution of modern marine sediments on your map.

6 Accurately predict what the modern sediment lithologies are at other locations on the seafloor (e.g. in the Indian Ocean).